Jinan Housing Provident Fund Center issued a new policy, and the provident fund can be used to pay the down payment for house purchase from now on.

　　On September 15th, Jinan Housing Provident Fund Center issued a new policy. Employees who paid the housing provident fund in the headquarters of Jinan Housing Provident Fund Center can buy new commercial housing or stock housing in the administrative area of Jinan, and my spouse and I can apply for withdrawing the housing provident fund to pay the down payment. The policy will take effect immediately.

Jinan Housing Provident Fund Center issued a new policy, and the provident fund can be used to pay the down payment for house purchase from now on.

　　Optimistic about the applicable area: the down payment for second-hand houses is limited to the main city.

　　The policy stipulates that new commercial housing should be purchased in Lixia District, Shizhong District, Huaiyin District, tianqiao district, Licheng District, Changqing District, Zhangqiu District, Jiyang District, Laiwu District and Gangcheng District of this city; Employees and their spouses who have paid in the headquarters to buy existing housing in Lixia District, Shizhong District, Huaiyin District, tianqiao district City, Licheng District and Changqing District of this Municipality may apply for transferring the balance of individual housing provident fund account to the supervision account to pay the down payment for house purchase. Employees whose purchased houses are not in the above-mentioned areas or who have not applied for transferring the balance of individual housing provident fund account to the supervision account to pay the down payment can apply for withdrawal of individual housing provident fund after the online signing of new commercial housing or the transfer of stock housing transactions, and the withdrawal amount shall not exceed the down payment of purchased houses.

　　Look at the handling conditions: the process of buying houses with different properties is different.

　　In order to ensure the safety of funds, the application for the down payment business of provident fund needs to be handled at the scene with the identity certificate, and both husband and wife should apply at the same time.

　　Among them, for the purchase of newly-built pre-sale commercial housing, the purchaser will sign the Letter of Commitment on Authorization for Withdrawing Housing Provident Fund to Pay the Down Payment of House Purchase at the service hall window of the Provident Fund Center with the Confirmation Sheet of Jinan Commercial Housing Pre-sale Fund Deposit Information (provided by real estate development enterprises). If the spouse of the purchaser applies, it is necessary to provide proof of marriage relationship to apply at the scene. Applicants are required to complete the online signing formalities with the Housing Provident Fund Payment Certificate to the real estate development enterprise within 3 working days. After obtaining the online signing information, the provident fund center will transfer the withdrawal amount to the special account for the supervision of pre-sale funds of commercial housing in this project.

　　When purchasing a newly-built commodity house for sale, the purchaser and the real estate development enterprise shall sign an online contract to Jinan Real Estate Transaction and Leasing Service Center (hereinafter referred to as the "Real Estate Transaction Center") to handle the fund supervision business, and sign the "Authorization Commitment for Withdrawing Housing Provident Fund to Pay the Down Payment for House Purchase" on the spot. If the spouse of the purchaser applies, it is necessary to provide proof of marriage relationship to apply at the scene. The real estate transaction center will push the relevant information of the applicant to the provident fund center. The Provident Fund Center shall review and approve the withdrawal qualification and withdrawal amount within 1 working day after receiving the push information. If there is no mistake in the review, the withdrawal amount shall be immediately transferred to the special account for the supervision of the stock room funds of the real estate trading center. Within 1 working day after the withdrawal amount is deposited in the supervision account, the real estate trading center completes the transfer of funds to the real estate development enterprise.

　　For the purchase of stock housing, both parties to the transaction go to the real estate trading center to handle online signing and fund supervision business, and sign the "Commitment Letter of Authorization for Withdrawing Housing Provident Fund to Pay the Down Payment for House Purchase" on the spot. If the spouse of the purchaser applies, it is necessary to provide proof of marriage relationship to apply at the scene. The real estate transaction center will push the relevant information of the applicant to the provident fund center. The Provident Fund Center shall review and approve the withdrawal qualification and withdrawal amount within 1 working day after receiving the push information. If there is no mistake in the review, the withdrawal amount shall be immediately transferred to the special account for the supervision of the stock room funds of the real estate trading center. Within 1 working day after the parties to the transaction complete the registration of real estate, the real estate trading center completes the transfer of funds to the seller.

　　Optimistic about restrictive conditions: personal loan rate ≥ Suspend extraction at 90%

　　According to the policy, in order to prevent the liquidity risk of housing provident fund, the down payment business of housing provident fund is dynamically managed according to the real-time situation of the personal housing loan rate of the headquarters of the provident fund center (hereinafter referred to as "personal loan rate", which refers to the ratio of the balance of personal housing provident fund loans to the balance of housing provident fund deposits), and the personal loan rate is regularly published on the official website of Jinan Housing Provident Fund. When the personal loan rate is below 90%, the business specified in these rules will be accepted normally; When the personal loan rate is higher than 90% (inclusive), the business specified in these rules will be suspended.

　　The policy stipulates that each house can withdraw the balance of the housing provident fund account once to pay the down payment for buying a house. Eligible buyers and their spouses shall jointly submit an application at one time, and the total withdrawal amount shall not exceed the down payment amount stipulated in the online signing contract. If the withdrawal amount is less than the down payment amount stipulated in the online signing contract, the remaining part shall be filled by the buyers themselves.

　　For employees who have paid the down payment for the provident fund, they can apply for housing provident fund loans if they meet the conditions for housing provident fund loans. The down payment amount of provident fund can be combined with the balance of individual housing provident fund account to calculate the amount of provident fund loan. Employees who have paid the down payment from provident fund can no longer apply for withdrawal of housing provident fund according to the conditions of purchasing this property.

　　For the cancellation or change of the online signing contract, the down payment paid by the purchaser’s provident fund shall be returned to the Jinan Housing Provident Fund Center account and re-included in the individual housing provident fund account. (Jinan Times New Yellow River Client Reporter Luo Xiaofei)

　　Memorabilia of Jinan Provident Fund Policy Adjustment in Recent 2 Years

　　On May 23, 2022, the amount of public loan for the first home was increased.

　　The maximum loan amount for a family with one person contributing to the provident fund is raised from 300,000 yuan to 350,000 yuan.

　　The maximum loan amount for families with two or more people contributing to the provident fund will be raised from 600,000 yuan to 700,000 yuan.

　　On May 24, 2022, the "house recognition and loan recognition" was cancelled.

　　The first suite identification standard was changed from no housing and no housing loan record in this city to no housing in this city.

　　The down payment ratio of public loans for the first home of non-local registered families was adjusted from 60% to 30%.

　　On August 15, 2022, the down payment ratio of the second home public loan was lowered.

　　The minimum down payment ratio is adjusted from 60% to 40%, which is consistent with commercial loans.

　　On October 1, 2022, the interest rate of the first home public loan was lowered.

　　The interest rate of the first home public loan was lowered by 0.15 percentage points, and the interest rates for less than 5 years (including 5 years) and more than 5 years were adjusted to 2.6% and 3.1% respectively.

　　The interest rate of the second home public loan remains unchanged, and the interest rates for less than 5 years (including 5 years) and more than 5 years are not less than 3.025% and 3.575% respectively.

　　On November 12, 2022, the amount of public loan for the first home was increased again.

　　The maximum loan amount for a family with one person contributing to the provident fund is raised from 350,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan.

　　The maximum loan amount for families with two or more people contributing to the provident fund will be raised from 700,000 yuan to 800,000 yuan.

　　On January 10, 2023, the amount of public loans for families with many children increased.

　　When a two-child family buys the first suite, one person can borrow up to 600,000 yuan from the provident fund, and two or more people can borrow up to 900,000 yuan from the provident fund.

　　When a family with three children or more buys the first suite, one person can borrow up to 600,000 yuan from the provident fund, and two or more people can borrow up to 1 million yuan from the provident fund.

　　On July 6, 2023, the amount of public loans for college graduates increased.

　　College graduates leave for employment and start businesses, pay the housing provident fund for three months before the end of the graduation year, and buy the first suite within five years of graduation. The first public loan amount can be increased by up to 200,000 yuan on the basis of the actual loanable amount.

　　(Zheng Chuqiao finishing)

Investigation on the new regulations of anti-food waste： it is easy to get more discounts on take-away food.

　　In order to make up the shortfall, I simply ordered an unnecessary dish; Different restaurants have different amounts of food, but according to past experience, they found that they ordered more food … … Although Beijing’s new anti-food waste regulations have put forward relevant requirements for the foreign selling industry, the reporter found that there are not many platform businesses that are currently implemented according to the regulations, and the problem of excessive food sales still exists.

　　Embarrassed.

　　In order to make up, order one more dish.

　　"If you subtract 15 yuan from 40, you’re still short of 8 yuan. Go and make a bill … …” Because there is no canteen in the workplace, it has become normal for Xiao Chen to order takeout for lunch. Generally speaking, one dish can satisfy his appetite. However, before paying, he is often attracted by the reminder on the settlement key, so he can’t help but look back at the menu.

　　Attracting customers with full discounts has become a routine means in the take-away industry. Merchants generally set different discount stalls according to the amount of consumption from low to high. The more they buy, the greater the discount range. It is precisely because of this mechanism that when the next discount is a few dollars away, consumers are often hard to resist the temptation and finally add a dish that was not necessary. After you get the meal, you can either eat it hard or you can only leave it.

　　In Xiao Chen’s view, although this full reduction mechanism has brought preferential treatment to consumers, it is also suspected of inducing excessive ordering. Sometimes the next discount is very strong, and ordering one more dish to make up the bill is even cheaper than not ordering this dish, so "you don’t earn anything."

　　The Beijing Anti-Food Waste Regulations has clearly stated that the take-away platform induces excessive ordering: "The take-away platform should supervise and guide catering service operators and consumers to prevent and reduce food waste by improving the business operation mode, optimizing the trading rules of the platform, and establishing and improving the incentive mechanism. The food and beverage take-out platform shall not abuse the dominant market position, and shall not induce or deceive consumers to order too much food by means of false or misleading commercial propaganda. "

　　Question.

　　The weight is not clearly written, and the order is not referenced.

　　The "small portions" initiative, which has been mentioned many times before, is also reflected in this new anti-waste regulation: "Online catering service operators should mark information such as meal specifications, reference weight, taste, suggested consumption number, etc. on the meal browsing page, and promote small portions, multi-specification meals or optional packages." However, the reporter checked the takeaway APP and found that there are not many businesses that are implemented according to the regulations.

　　Many merchants who do home cooking do not have the option of setting small dishes. Although some merchants have added small portions, it is puzzling that some small portions are only "small portions" and there is no large portion to choose from. And how small the small portion is, it is difficult to judge just by looking at the pictures.

　　On the details page of dishes, merchants generally write down the main and auxiliary materials used in dishes, but few people write down the grams of each material. Xiao Chen said that in the case of rice, he usually orders two meals for side dishes, but some merchants give a lot of rice, so they order more without knowing it in advance.

　　The new regulations also stipulate that the food and beverage take-out platform should prompt consumers to order food on demand and in moderation in a significant way. The reporter looked at different take-away platforms and found that this regulation has not been implemented. Some platforms can’t find relevant tips no matter how they look for them, and there is no reminder on the ordering page. Only on the payment page can you see a small line at the top: "Please order in moderation to avoid waste."

　　Statement.

　　Discount is better than full reduction.

　　Cheng Shengkui, a researcher at the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has always been concerned about food waste. He believes that the introduction of small portions of food on the take-away platform not only helps to avoid food waste, but also means more choices for consumers, which is in line with consumers’ wishes. "But the introduction of small dishes will lower the price and make less money. It is hard to say whether merchants will have the motivation to do it. "

　　In terms of full discount, Cheng Shengkui said that it is not reasonable to order one more dish than one less. The reason is that the amount difference between preferential stalls is too big. "For example, some restaurants subtract 20 from 50 in the first gear, and it becomes 100 MINUS 40 in the second gear. If you can set more gears in the middle, you may not have to order more food to save money. "

　　Cheng Shengkui suggested that for the full reduction preferential mechanism, either the gears should be divided into more details or the preferential strength should be set relatively uniformly. "For example, if you set a 20% discount, you can order a few dishes at a time. Only those group meals with a particularly large amount can be discounted a little more. " Our reporter Mo Fan.

In the new era, China’s high-quality economic development, industrial and financial cooperation and building a manufacturing power.

　　The large-scale fire fighting/water rescue amphibious aircraft AG600 was assembled and rolled off in Zhuhai a few days ago. This is another major achievement made by China in the field of large aircraft. Every breakthrough of "Made in China" is a powerful annotation of China’s economy. Xinhua news agency

　　[Economic Interface, Building a Modern Economic System]

　　Manufacturing is the main body of the real economy and the foundation of the construction of a modern economic system. How to allocate more financial resources to the key areas and weak links of manufacturing development in accordance with the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, promote the transformation from China manufacturing to China creation, from China speed to China quality, and from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power, are major issues facing China’s high-quality economic development in the new era.

　　Finance is the lifeblood of modern economy, and smooth finance leads to substantial prosperity. Finance supports the construction of manufacturing power, on the one hand, it needs finance to return to its origin and enhance the ability to serve the development of manufacturing industry; On the other hand, it is also necessary to actively create conditions to provide guarantee support for financial reform and innovation.

　　1. What is the root cause?

　　Financing is difficult and expensive for manufacturing industry.

　　[status quo]

　　Data show that from 2006— In the decade of 2016, the proportion of loans in China’s manufacturing industry dropped from 25% to 16.2%. Affected by this, the growth rate of China’s manufacturing investment continued to decline from 2012 to 4.2% in 2016, and it decreased by 27.4 percentage points in five years, which lasted for a long time and the decline was unprecedented. Although it stopped falling and rebounded in 2017, it was only 4.8%.

　　Financing is difficult and expensive, which is a prominent problem in the development of China’s manufacturing industry in recent years.

　　2006— In the decade of 2016, the proportion of loans in China’s manufacturing industry dropped from 25% to 16.2%. Affected by this, the growth rate of China’s manufacturing investment has continued to decline since 2012. Investment is not only related to the current economic growth, but also to the cultivation and generation of new kinetic energy, which plays a key role in optimizing the supply structure. The weak investment has seriously restricted the optimization and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry.

　　The formation of this problem is first related to the inadaptability of China’s manufacturing development under the new normal, and also reflects the inadaptability of China’s financial structure. For a long time, the development of China’s manufacturing industry has a remarkable "speed-benefit" feature, the economic growth has reached more than 10%, and all industries, trades and enterprises will make profits; Once the economic growth is lower than 8%, many industries will suffer industry-wide losses. With China’s economic development entering a new normal, the growth rate has shifted from high-speed growth of about 10% to medium-high-speed growth of about 7%, and the efficiency of enterprises has begun to decline continuously. The research shows that the average return on equity of China’s A-share non-financial listed companies has been declining since 2010, from 12.9% to 6.8% in 2015, while the weighted average asset-liability ratio has increased from 58.2% in 2010 to 60.1% in 2015. In 2016, the leverage ratio of the enterprise sector was still as high as 165%, far higher than the international warning line of 90%.

　　From the perspective of financial structure, bank loans, bonds and stocks currently account for more than 80% of the financing amount of the real economy. These three financing methods all have typical procyclical characteristics. When the economic situation is good, the benefits of enterprises are good, banks are willing to lend, and it is easier to issue bonds and stocks; The economic situation is not good, and the efficiency of enterprises is declining. For the sake of risk prevention and control, banks will be reluctant to lend, suppress loans or even cut off loans, and it is difficult to issue bonds and stocks. Before 2012, this financing method will not have much problem for the investment development of enterprises, because the economic growth rate has decreased, but it is a short-term fluctuation in high-speed growth, and it will soon resume high-speed growth. In other words, China’s financial structure based on bank loans is more suitable for the previous high-speed growth stage. Facing the requirements of high-quality development in the new era, it also needs reform, optimization and innovative development.

　　Revitalizing manufacturing industry, especially advanced manufacturing industry, is the key to realize a virtuous circle of economy in the short term and the lifeline of national economy in the long term. Finance is the lifeblood of modern economy, and smooth finance leads to substantial prosperity. Facing the inevitable requirement of China’s economic development in the new era and the fierce competition in the world, we must focus on eliminating the financing constraints of manufacturing development, guide and promote finance to improve the efficiency and level of service manufacturing development, and accelerate the construction of a manufacturing power.

　　2. How to support it

　　Create new demands of powerful countries for financial development.

　　[trend]

　　The development of China’s manufacturing industry in the new era requires not only effective financing support from finance, but also a series of service solutions including consulting, investment and financial management, so as to realize the transformation from "financing" to "integrating wisdom".

　　At present, the scale of China’s manufacturing industry has been ranked first in the world for seven consecutive years, but the problems of insufficient development imbalance such as key core technologies being controlled by people and lack of world-renowned brands are still very prominent. We must implement the innovation-driven development strategy with greater efforts, accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing industries, support the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries, and promote quality change, efficiency change and power change.

　　Different development needs different financial support. First, we should vigorously implement differentiated credit policies. At present, bank credit funds account for more than 2/3 of China’s real economy financing. In accordance with the requirements of supply-side structural reform, we should improve and optimize credit conditions, support the manufacturing industry to increase varieties, improve quality and create brands, actively resolve excess production capacity, eliminate backward production capacity, and give full play to the role of finance in promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. At the same time, we should vigorously develop small and medium-sized banks and private financial institutions. It is strictly forbidden for bank funds to enter the stock market and real estate market for speculation and so-called innovation that is divorced from the real economy. In fact, after World War II, Germany and Japan also experienced a situation similar to today’s China. In order to accelerate the upgrading and development of manufacturing industry, both governments have adopted structural credit support policies.

　　Second, vigorously develop industrial chain finance, financial leasing and other financial services that are directly integrated with the industry. Industrial chain finance is a service model that financial institutions rely on the core enterprises in the industrial chain to provide comprehensive solutions for all enterprises in the industrial chain. Compared with bank loans, it is more service-oriented and targeted. However, financial leasing integrates financing and material integration, and reduces the pressure of one-time payment of funds, which provides an effective way for enterprises to upgrade their technical equipment. In 1950s and 1960s, the United States upgraded its technical equipment in this way. At present, the penetration rate of financial leasing in developed countries such as the United States and Britain remains above 50%, while China has not yet reached 5%, and there is still much room for improvement.

　　Third, actively develop venture capital (VC), private equity funds (PE) and other financing products, and explore service modes such as equity pledge loans and investment-loan linkage to provide long-term and stable financial support for the innovation and development of manufacturing industry. VC is future-oriented, and values the potential and benefits of the future development of enterprises. It does not require the past operating conditions, nor does it require enterprises to provide financing mortgages. PE is a combination of financing and financing, which not only provides capital support for enterprise development, but also provides all-round value-added services for enterprises, such as coordinating the relationship between enterprises and other enterprises in the industry, expanding procurement or sales channels, improving governance structure, etc. It is a capital that can span the economic cycle and is intellectual capital. VC and PE still have great development potential in China.

　　Fourth, efforts should be made to provide specialized comprehensive financial services for enterprises to "go global". The "Belt and Road" construction is an important measure for China to implement all-round opening up in the new era. As an important part and implementer of this strategy, it is inevitable for the manufacturing industry to "go global". However, the economic development level of the 65 countries along the "Belt and Road" is uneven, and the social system is very different. Relevant research shows that in 33 countries, the proportion of stock transactions to GDP is less than 10%, and direct financing is almost lacking; There are 24 countries with higher real interest rates than China, and the credit supply is seriously insufficient. Faced with this situation, we must coordinate financial support methods such as policy banks and commercial banks, banks and non-banks, financial innovation and institutional mechanism reform, and strive to provide professional, personalized and diversified financial support for the manufacturing industry to "go global".

　　3. Explore practice

　　Realize the benign interaction between finance and manufacturing industry

　　[deployment]

　　In order to promote the benign interaction and coordinated development between finance and manufacturing, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the People’s Bank of China, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the China Insurance Regulatory Commission have jointly issued and implemented a series of policies and measures since 2016, and conducted exploration and practice of industrial and financial cooperation.

　　Finance is related to the overall economic and social development and has its own development laws and requirements. Finance supports the construction of manufacturing power, on the one hand, it needs finance to return to its origin and enhance the ability to serve the development of manufacturing industry; On the other hand, it is also necessary to actively create conditions to provide guarantee support for financial reform and innovation.

　　The General Office of the State Council clearly stated in the Notice on Establishing the Made in China 2025 National Demonstration Zone (Guo Ban Fa [2017] No.90) that it is necessary to "actively promote the integration of industry and finance, establish an industry-finance information docking platform, innovate financial support methods, and enhance the ability and efficiency of financial support for manufacturing development". The so-called integration of production and operation refers to the institutional innovation practice carried out by government departments, financial institutions and industrial enterprises to improve the efficiency and level of financial service manufacturing. Among them, government departments mainly build platforms and mechanisms for the interaction and cooperation between financial institutions and industrial enterprises, and at the same time, make necessary improvements and reforms to relevant policies and regulations and institutional mechanisms, support the market to play a leading role in the allocation of financial resources, and do not interfere in the business decisions of financial institutions and manufacturing enterprises.

　　The integration of production and operation has been highly recognized and actively participated by all parties concerned for more than a year, and remarkable results have been achieved. Taking the docking between banks and enterprises as an example, according to incomplete statistics, as of December 2017, more than 5,000 banking institutions involved in the integration of production and operation have actually issued loans of more than 3 trillion yuan to more than 95,000 enterprises. The root of this achievement lies in the fact that the integration of industry and finance has realized the communication and interaction between financial institutions and industrial enterprises at the macro and micro levels by establishing the coordination mechanism of industrial and financial information docking and direct docking between banks and enterprises, and solved the information asymmetry problem of all parties; By means of financial discount, reward, compensation and shareholding, the problem that financial departments are unwilling to invest and enterprises cannot afford to invest has been solved; It provides an effective way to actively and steadily promote financial reform through pilot projects and gradual advancement.

　　At present, the integration of industry and production is just the beginning. In the next step, we will focus on the following six aspects: First, make full use of big data, cloud computing and other information technology means to establish more convenient, fast and efficient information communication channels; The second is to expand the field of production-integration, support enterprises to effectively use the capital market to optimize the industrial organization structure and industry layout, encourage financial institutions to innovate services and support enterprises to "go global"; Third, give full play to the leverage guiding role of financial funds and drive financial capital to support the development of strategic, basic and leading industries; Fourth, encourage financial innovation products and services, and support the construction of the Made in China 2025 National Demonstration Zone; Fifth, evaluate and summarize the situation of industrial integration in pilot cities, put forward reform suggestions, and promote the reform of financial system and mechanism; The sixth is to promote enterprises to incorporate the content of production integration into strategic planning and management process reengineering, build industrial culture in the new period and enhance the soft power of enterprises.

　　 (Author: Wang Xinzhe, chief economist of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)

Huang Jianzhong： Being a director in film for nearly 60 years requires ＂the spirit of Huangshansong＂.

　　Huang Jianzhong. Nanfang Daily reporter photo

　　Nearly 80 years old, director Huang Jianzhong still looks hale and hearty. After nearly 60 years of filming, he still has no plans to retire. He has created something in his life and lived a full life. During the interview, he talked about the upcoming and planned new works Kublai Khan and Zhuangzi, both of which are great historical dramas. Kublai Khan alone has a script of 1.63 million words, which is equivalent to four novels.

　　Huang Jianzhong is a name that can’t be avoided in the history of China movies. Together with Dongtian Zheng, Xie Fei, Wu Yigong, Yinnan Ding and Teng Wenji, he is classified as "the fourth generation director of China movies". Among his film works, the ones that are well known to fans include Little Flower, Ruyi, Good Woman, Chinese New Year, My 1919 and so on.

　　In 2001, Huang Jianzhong retired from the Beijing Film Studio and turned to film and television dramas. From the legendary swordsman, The Woman at the Gunpoint of the Gestapo to Gou Jian, The King of Yue and The Empire of Daqin, all his works have a good reputation, and his name has almost become synonymous with quality dramas.

　　There seems to be no word "serving the elderly" in Huang Jianzhong’s world. "Someone asked, Huang Dao, are you still filming at the scene? I said, where is my pleasure if I don’t shoot on the spot? " When filming Kublai Khan, Huang Jianzhong enjoyed it in the environment of MINUS 30 degrees Celsius. The younger generation is often moved by such professionalism, but in Huang Jianzhong’s view, professional dignity is like a self-evident duty, which is observed by peers.

　　Huang Jianzhong’s dreams are surging like yesterday, and there are always new fields to attract him to explore.

　　"I regard Beijing Film Factory as a university."

　　Huang Jianzhong was 19 years old in 1960. After studying in the film school affiliated to the Beijing Film Factory for half a year, he entered the Beijing Film Factory and started from the scene. The peers in the crew are basically trained. Comparatively speaking, he graduated from high school and has no advantage. He described himself as a blank sheet of paper at that time, with the advantage of absorbing nutrients and digesting them more fully.

　　Huang Jianzhong’s growth benefited from his love of reading and his emphasis on theory. The habit of reading originated from his childhood. His second brother Huang Houxing was a graduate student of the First Approval Department of Peking University after the founding of New China. Influenced by his second brother, Huang Jianzhong systematically studied the history of Chinese and foreign literature when he was young. "So my knowledge structure is better than that of young directors of the same generation."

　　Huang Jianzhong said that he was just an ordinary seed, which was fortunate enough to be sown in the fertile soil of the North Film Factory. "I regard the North Film Factory as a university, and at that time, the director of the North Film Factory ‘ Four handsome men ’ Shuihua, Cui Wei, Ling Zifeng, Chengyin, and Xie Tieli are filming, and I am at the scene. " Huang Jianzhong said that his first teacher was these famous directors, and his school was the studio. "I often tell my wife that my greatest luck is that I have experienced the tempering of movie master."

　　Art can be as shallow as it is deep, and Cui Wei is the movie master that keeps Huang Jianzhong down.

　　Huang Jianzhong shared a short story behind the filming of the anti-Japanese film Private Zhang Ga in 1963. The film was decided to be directed by Cui Wei when it was prepared for shooting for half a year. After scanning the script for a few minutes, Cui Wei bluntly put forward several serious injuries. "In the novel, it is written to dig a tunnel, but Baiyangdian can’t dig a tunnel. If you dig a foot, you will see water. Shooting children’s films must also stand the test of life. "

　　It was not until Huang Jianzhong retired that he really understood Cui Wei. "Read two words, ‘ Self-confidence ’ Where does the confidence of art come from? Knowledge and cultivation. "

　　The film "Little Flower", which was born in 1979, is somewhat born. This iconic film, known as the birth of the new wave of China movies, is a war theme, but it adopts a very new film language at that time, such as the ingenious use of colorful forward narrative and black-and-white flashback pictures. What is more special is that it highlights the human feelings in the war, rather than simple heroism.

　　Xie Fei, a contemporary director, also said with surprise that this work not only brought fire to the film industry, but also produced three stars.

　　Huang Jianzhong, as an assistant director, once told Zheng Zhang, the director of Little Flower, that the original novel Hero of Tongbai was about war stories. However, since the founding of New China, a large number of excellent war films have emerged from "Fighting in the South and Fighting in the North" to "Red Sun" and "Shangganling", and the artistic peak is hard to surpass, so it is better to find another way.

　　In preparation for filming, Huang Jianzhong has repeatedly associated with the French new wave films such as Love in Hiroshima and Long Separation, which are "completely different from all our previous film experiences". China’s films pay attention to the beginning and the end, with distinct layers. Huang Jianzhong changed the script of Little Flower according to the creative way of stream of consciousness instead of the traditional way.

　　"At that time ‘ Young and crazy ’ I put all my past accumulation in Little Flower. " Looking back, Huang Jianzhong felt confident and fearless. He said that, unlike the works of the predecessors of the "third generation directors", which pay more attention to stories, he wanted to show the uniqueness of the art of film from "Little Flower".

　　Creation is most afraid of "aristocratic spirit"

　　This is an exploratory story. Ruyi, released in 1982, is Huang Jianzhong’s famous work, which has the inherent temperament in China’s traditional poetics — — Rich connotation beauty. The simplicity, calmness, joy and sadness of the characters are mixed, and the environment and the spiritual realm of the characters are integrated, which has strong artistic appeal.

　　After that, a series of works, Huang Jianzhong always runs through the distinctive personality of seeking depth in thought and novelty in art, and The Good Woman and the Virgin all reflect his unique aesthetic and artistic pursuit of "exploration films".

　　Huang Jianzhong has his own insistence: "Even if only one of the 100 viewers understands my film, I will shoot it for him."

　　After gaining fame and status, we have to face the commercial tide of China film market. He was once in a state of confusion. According to his summary at that time, his past films may be considered very exquisite and intriguing by artists, but in the eyes of many audiences, they are elusive.

　　Huang Jianzhong began to get to know himself again, and gradually realized that "there are ninety-nine other audiences to win".

　　In 1990, when filming "Police Officer in the Year of the Dragon", he began to pursue both refined and popular tastes. In 1991, the Chinese New Year, which gathered actors from Zhao Lirong, Ge You, Li Baotian and six-year-old children, was made more interesting. Huang Jianzhong attributed "Chinese New Year" to "cultural entertainment film".

　　People have gradually discovered that his works are no longer the existence of spring snow, but as simple and natural as "just like an ordinary song".

　　After receiving his retirement certificate at the age of 60, Huang Jianzhong’s creation turned to TV series. He described making a movie as writing a short story, while TV series is like a novel, which has more room for display. In terms of movies, "everything that should be shot has been shot, and everything that should be tried has been tried".

　　His concern for history and reality and his concern for human nature are consistent. If we sort out his images, especially his retired works, we can obviously feel a kind of solidity. No matter "Mother Instrument in the World", "Song of the Wind" or "Gou Jian, the King of Yue" and "Kublai Khan", they are mostly adapted from literary works with rich cultural atmosphere and rich connotations, and the stories are very national and legendary.

　　Starting from directing "Empire of Daqin" in 2006, on the basis of previous written records, Huang Jianzhong added a seemingly relaxed but actually heavy weight to his work. After intense and hard shooting, he began to keep a "director’s diary" and later published it in a collection.

　　"Artistic creation is most afraid of ‘ Aristocratic spirit ’ The nobility is divorced from life, but artistic creation should participate in life and find beauty in people’s common life. " Huang Jianzhong said.

　　There is a saying that the best actor should always enter the inner state of the character. Huang Jianzhong also said that in making historical dramas, he must touch the souls of historical figures.

　　This is what he realized when he filmed Gou Jian, the King of Yue. This time he filmed Kublai Khan. From the beginning of reading the script, he put Kublai Khan’s portrait in the hotel and took it with him when he went out. "I have been watching and thinking."

　　Huang Jianzhong doesn’t necessarily use famous actors. One of the major features of Kublai Khan is that Mongolian actors account for the majority of the 217 characters in the play.

　　"Han people play Mongols, more in ‘ Play ’ It’s hard to find a feeling. Mongolians living on horseback have different behaviors, voices and smiles from the Han people under the influence of farming civilization. "

　　He always remembers a sentence said by his teacher Cui Wei: "Choose actors and temperament. If the temperament is right, you can succeed. "

　　Shoot the taste between the lines

　　In 2011, at the symposium on the 50th anniversary of Huang Jianzhong’s filming, Director Xie Fei said: "It is very rare for Huang Jianzhong to constantly absorb new things and keep moving forward."

　　In Huang Jianzhong’s view, people’s vitality is reflected in their thirst for knowledge. "People have the highest thirst for knowledge in youth and middle age, but when they are old, they are still curious and curious about everything, which is the key to a young mind."

　　Many people say that Huang Jianzhong is a real scholar-oriented director, and he exudes a strong bookish spirit.

　　"I can basically remember reading." He said that it is not that he has a good memory, but that he has always had three habits: taking notes, sharing experiences with others, and "talking" with writers. "Reading until the end is a dialogue with the author. I often tell my students that filming is not a story, but a taste between the lines. So is reading, and reading is a taste. "

　　Huang Jianzhong is immersed in the identity of a director, which brings him unparalleled satisfaction.

　　Investors who asked him to film in these years often hesitated at first. "Will Huang Dao be older?" It was the same before Kublai Khan. However, the investor took the producer and others to Huang Jianzhong’s home for an hour and then made a decision to sign the contract.

　　The script of Kublai Khan has 1.63 million words, the rough cut version is 104 episodes, and there are 76 episodes after streamlining. Younger editors will be amazed at Huang Jianzhong’s memory. "I said that this scene must be off camera, and then it was really. 516 scenes and 217 characters are all in my mind. "

　　In his view, a very important factor that determines physical fitness is the breadth of mind. "We are filming. I won’t say that we want to shoot in an environment of MINUS 30 degrees Celsius. I will call the deputy director. I must shoot it myself."

　　During his decades as a director, he was never late and had a strong sense of time. "I’m filming fast. I’ll tell them how to set the scene immediately when I get to the scene. No matter how big the wrist is, the actors must recite their lines and enter the scene. You can’t check the lines when you get to the scene. Even if we shoot ten pages of paper a day, our TV series still leaves work at 6 o’clock in the morning and closes at 6 o’clock in the afternoon. "

　　"Little Flower" was filmed in Huangshan Mountain, which was forty years ago. In the film, Liu Xiaoqing plays the role of He Cuigu, but the most beautiful scene in the film belongs to her. On the steep cliff, Cuigu shouldered a stretcher and knelt down, climbing step by step, even though her knees were bleeding.

　　In many interviews, Huang Jianzhong mentioned Huangshan Mountain. For example, he once said that he hoped to climb Huangshan again at the age of 80. In an exclusive interview with Nanfang Daily reporter, he said with emotion that being a director should not only strive for intelligence and physical strength, but also have a spirit of never giving up and never giving up.

　　"Huangshan pine grows from a crack in the stone. It is attractive and tenacious. The same is true of being a man. " Huang Jianzhong said. (Nanfang Daily reporter in Beijing Liu Changxin, intern Lin Keyi)

Hot interpretation ｜ Understanding the cultural thought of the supreme leader from these eight words

The meeting pointed out that the supreme leader’s cultural thought not only has innovations and breakthroughs in cultural theory, but also has the deployment requirements of cultural work layout. The meeting summed up the great significance of this thought with the words "be clear and practical, be well versed in physical use".

"Being clear about style and being practical" is the wisdom of China’s traditional philosophy, and it also has rich modern significance. "Body" refers to noumenon, that is, the national spirit, values and excellent culture of the Chinese nation, and also refers to scientific ideological theory; "Use" refers to practice. These eight words aim at organically combining Confucian classics with governing affairs, and clarify the great significance of theory guiding practice. Under the guidance of the supreme leader’s cultural thought, China’s propaganda and ideological and cultural undertakings in the new era have made historic achievements, and the overall and fundamental changes have taken place in the ideological field, which reflects the dialectical unity between theory and practice.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has placed propaganda and ideological and cultural work in an important position in governing the country, profoundly grasped the historical position of the new era, and put forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new conclusions on cultural construction with firm cultural consciousness, broad historical vision and far-reaching strategic considerations:

In August 2013, at the first national conference on propaganda and ideological work after the 18th CPC National Congress, the General Secretary emphasized that "ideological work is an extremely important work of the Party";

In October 2017, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the major proposition of "new cultural mission" for the first time, demanding "promoting the prosperity of socialist culture";

In August 2018, the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work summarized the regular understanding of propaganda and ideological work with "nine persistences". In his speech, the General Secretary emphasized that "unifying thoughts and cohesive forces must be the central link of propaganda and ideological work";

In July, 2021, at the conference to celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the major theory of "two combinations" was formally put forward for the first time, namely, "persisting in combining the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and with the excellent traditional Chinese culture";

In October 2022, the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China focused on cultural construction from five aspects, demanding that "the road of cultural development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics must be adhered to";

In June 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly summarized the five outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization at the forum on cultural inheritance and development, and profoundly expounded the "two combinations", especially the "second combination";

… … … …

Civilization is endless, and thoughts keep pace with the times. just asNational conference on propaganda, ideological and cultural workIt is pointed out that the cultural thought of the supreme leader is an open and continuous ideological system, which will be enriched and developed with the deepening of practice.

In this important instruction on propaganda and ideological and cultural work, the general secretary put forward the important requirements of "seven efforts" and made clear the road map and task book for cultural construction in the new era.

Theoretically, the cultural thought of the Supreme Leader enriches and develops Marxist cultural theory, constitutes the cultural chapter of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and further improves the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, which indicates that our party’s understanding of the law of cultural construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics has reached a new height, indicating that our party’s historical self-confidence and cultural self-confidence have reached a new height.

From a practical point of view, the important instruction of the General Secretary has made detailed deployment requirements for all aspects of the layout of cultural work, which has strong guidance and provides a powerful ideological weapon and scientific action guide for doing a good job in publicizing ideological and cultural work in the new era and new journey and shouldering new cultural missions.

From a practical point of view, the proposal of the cultural thought of the supreme leader shows that China attaches more importance to cultural development and regards realizing people’s longing for a better life as the "great country" in building a cultural power in the new era. "granary knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace", after building a well-off society in an all-round way, people’s wallets are getting more and more bulging and rice bowls.more and moreStability, with the material foundation of cultural self-confidence, the pursuit of a higher level of spiritual and cultural life is increasingly becoming a realistic demand.

Clear thinking leads to Fang Xiangming.

Since the new era, under the guidance of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, China’s propaganda and ideological and cultural undertakings have made a series of historic achievements:

A series of documents, such as the Implementation Outline of Citizen’s Moral Construction in the New Era, the Implementation Outline of Patriotism Education in the New Era and the Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in the New Era, have been issued one after another.

China Internet Civilization Conference, China Internet Conference, "Clean Net" and "Clear" governance actions have accelerated the cultivation of network health culture;

Beijing Winter Olympics, Chengdu Universiade and Hangzhou Asian Games show the world the grace and tolerance of Chinese culture.

A series of home diplomatic activities, such as the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, the Asian Civilization Dialogue Conference, the High-level Dialogue between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the World Political Parties, and the Beijing Cultural Forum, tell the world the story of China and introduce China’s experience.

… … … …

With the continuous creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, China’s national image has been continuously improved, people’s cultural self-confidence has been significantly enhanced, and their mental outlook has become more energetic.

The National Conference on Propaganda, Ideological and Cultural Work requires that the study, research and interpretation of the supreme leader’s cultural thoughts should be continuously strengthened and consciously implemented in all aspects and the whole process of propaganda, ideological and cultural work. At the same time, it also puts forward clear requirements for promoting the effectiveness of all work: from persistently using the supreme leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era to consolidating and strengthening the mainstream ideological public opinion in the new era; From widely practicing socialist core values to promoting the prosperity and development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries; From strengthening and improving external propaganda work to resolutely and effectively preventing and resolving ideological risks. Each item should be implemented in the spirit of nailing, and each item should show a new atmosphere and new actions.

Follow the main road to Wan Li.

Facing the future, under the guidance of the supreme leader’s cultural thought, Chinese sons and daughters will unite the strength of national rejuvenation with high cultural self-confidence, jointly create a new culture belonging to our time, and write a new chapter of modern Chinese civilization.

Guangzhou Garrison determines disaster relief for demobilized cadres.

　　Chen Xiaohong and Yang Xinjun reported that during the Spring Festival, more than 20 regimental cadres in Guangzhou Garrison Area who were determined by their superiors to change jobs volunteered to influence and lead officers and soldiers and militia reservists to fight in the front line of disaster relief with practical actions.


　　Affected by the rain, snow and freezing weather, a large number of passengers have been stranded in various stations and docks in Guangzhou, and social security is facing a severe test. Disaster is an order! More than 20 regimental cadres in Guangzhou Garrison, who just decided to change jobs, gave a resounding answer: at the critical moment, they should stand the test, put aside their personal retreat and devote themselves to disaster relief. Zhou Bin, political commissar of the People’s Armed Forces Department of Luogang District, suffers from severe waist and leg diseases. His hometown of Hengyang, Hunan Province is also the hardest hit area. I heard that his son will change jobs, and his elderly parents are eagerly looking forward to his return in the cold winter when water and electricity are cut off. But Zhou Bin volunteered to lead 300 militiamen on patrol day and night. He said: "Only by working hard in every minute of the army can we be worthy of the education and training of the party and the army for nearly 30 years." Yang Yuemin, the head of the People’s Armed Forces Department of Huadu District, whose unit has just been commended by his superiors as a pacesetter and a third-class individual, should be said to have drawn a successful conclusion in his military career, and his family is ready to return to their hometown in Zhejiang for the New Year. After the disaster, Yang Yuemin chose to stay and mobilized his family to return the ticket. He fought side by side with the militia and didn’t leave the duty scene until New Year’s Day. Yu Qiuhua, Minister of the People’s Armed Forces Department of Baiyun District, mobilized the backbone militia from door to door to participate in emergency duty, and patiently and meticulously did the ideological work of the militia. Seeing the veteran who is about to take off his military uniform without regrets, many militiamen took the initiative to sign up for the war.


　　Li Zhiping, a full-time staff officer of the People’s Armed Forces Department of Haizhu District, has served for 8 years. After being transferred to other jobs this year, he has no complaints. On January 27th, Guangzhou opened Haizhu Pazhou Club to evacuate Spring Festival travel rush tourists. Li Zhiping volunteered to take part in the war and fought at the resettlement site for seven days and seven nights in a row. His voice was hoarse and his eyes were red. He totally ignored it. On the fourth day of the Lunar New Year, migrant workers returned to the south, and Li Zhiping led the militia commandos to fight in the front line.


　　These spirits of ensuring that demobilized cadres take care of the overall situation and stress dedication touched local cadres and the masses. The leader of the Guangzhou Municipal Party Committee said with emotion: "The key reason why the militia team can be drawn and used is that there are such a group of party member cadres who are loyal to the party’s cause standing in the front row of this reserve army. These determined enthusiasm and enthusiasm of demobilized cadres in the face of the disaster are worth learning from the party and government cadres in the city. "

Editor: Cao Jin

Fully understand the historic achievements made in comprehensively deepening reform since the new era.

　　The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was a landmark meeting held in the critical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese modernization. The most important achievement of the plenary session was the deliberation and adoption of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization (hereinafter referred to as the Decision). At the beginning of the "Decision", it was put forward: "The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party is epoch-making, which opened a new era of reform, opening up and socialist modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee is also epoch-making, which has opened a new journey of comprehensively deepening reform in the new era, promoting the overall design of the system, and creating a new situation of China’s reform and opening up. " This is an important judgment made by the CPC Central Committee in summing up the major achievements in comprehensively deepening reform since the new era.

　　Building a free trade port with China characteristics in Hainan is an important measure of reform and opening up, which is personally planned, deployed and promoted by the Supreme Leader General Secretary. It is also a strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee with an eye to the overall situation at home and abroad through in-depth research, overall consideration and scientific planning. The picture shows the key park of Hainan Free Trade Port — — Yangpu economic development zone and coastline scenery. Xinhua News Agency reporter Pu Xiaoxu/photo

　　Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has United and led the whole party, the whole army and the people of all nationalities in China, with great historical initiative, great political courage and strong responsibility, to break through the shackles of ideological concepts, break through the barriers of solidification of interests, dare to break into deep water areas, dare to bite the bullet, dare to venture into dangerous beaches, resolutely get rid of the shortcomings of various institutional mechanisms, and realize the transformation of reform from local exploration and ice-breaking breakthrough to system integration and comprehensive deepening. The basic institutional framework in various fields has been basically established, and historic changes, systematic remodeling and overall reconstruction have been achieved in many fields, and the reform tasks set by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee have been completed in general, so as to achieve the goal of more mature and stereotyped systems in all aspects and achieve remarkable results by the centenary of the founding of the Party, providing a strong institutional guarantee for building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the Party’s first century-long struggle goal, and pushing China onto a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　First, Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s institutional advantages have been consolidated and developed. China’s fundamental system has been strengthened day by day, the basic system has been continuously improved, and important institutional innovations have achieved fruitful results. For example, we will improve the people’s democratic system in the whole process, and the comprehensive, extensive and organically connected system of people being the masters of the country will be more perfect. Improve the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and improve the system and mechanism of scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law-abiding for the whole people. Establish and adhere to the fundamental system of Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological field, and improve and develop the advanced socialist cultural system.

　　Second, it has injected a strong impetus into economic development and pushed China’s economy onto the road of high-quality development. Adhere to the direction of socialist market economy reform, improve the modern market system, promote the factor marketization reform, deepen the reform of state-owned and state-owned enterprises, develop and expand the private economy, build an institutional mechanism to support comprehensive innovation, deepen the reform of fiscal and taxation financial systems, improve the institutional mechanism of urban and rural development integration, and build a new open economic system at a higher level. The economic system with effective market mechanism, dynamic micro-subjects and moderate macro-control is constantly improving.

　　Third, historic changes, systematic reshaping and overall reconstruction have been achieved in many fields, and the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity has been significantly improved. We carried out two rounds of large-scale reforms of the party and state institutions, and the functional system of the party and state institutions was continuously improved. Establish the system of ecological civilization system, and form the system of ecological civilization framework, in which the source is strictly guarded, the process is strictly controlled, the damages are compensated, and the consequences are severely punished. Since the founding of New China, the most extensive and profound national defense and military reforms have been carried out, and the people’s army has achieved a revolutionary reshaping as a whole.

　　Fourth, the people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security has continued to increase. We will deepen reforms in key areas such as income distribution, employment, education, medical care and social security, and promote the establishment of the largest education system, social security system and medical and health system in the world. Establish and improve the mechanism of precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation, and help win the largest battle against poverty in human history. Improve the centralized, unified, efficient and authoritative national security leadership system, improve the emergency management mechanism, and build a social governance system of co-construction, co-governance and sharing.

　　The fifth is to promote the party to be stronger and stronger in revolutionary forging. Constantly improve the party’s leadership system, improve the supervision system of the party and the state, build an integrated mechanism to promote the system of not being corrupt, not being corrupt and not wanting to be corrupt, ensure the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership, and ensure that the party plays a leading core role in taking the overall situation and coordinating all parties.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ……

　　On the afternoon of March 20th, local time, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader arrived in Moscow and began a state visit to Russia. This is his ninth visit to Russia since he took office as president in March 2013.

　　China and Russia are friendly neighbors linked by mountains and rivers, and the development of Sino-Russian relations has clear historical logic and strong endogenous power. Today, the all-round and multi-level cooperation pattern is bringing tangible benefits to the people of the two countries, and it also provides a steady stream of impetus for the development and revitalization of both sides.

　　The Yangtze River, the mother river of China, and the Volga River, the mother river of Russia, have many similarities — — Broad-minded, tenacious temperament, all bear the glory and tragic, hope and pursuit of this nation. Nowadays, the magnificent waves of the two mother rivers have "blended" together and "irrigated" the political, economic, trade and cultural map.

　　As the provinces with the longest runoff mileage in the Yangtze River, Hubei and Russia have many stories to tell … …

　　Hubei people who went to Russia to grow tea

　　In 1893, it was the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. A Russian businessman named Banov came to China and wanted to find someone to help them grow tea in Russia.

　　At that time, tea was already a commodity between China and Russia, but tea planting in Russia began in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and there was not much experience. In addition, the climate in Russia was cold all the year round, so it was difficult for tea trees to survive.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Bagong House in Jianghan District of Wuhan was once Banov’s residence.

　　Banov finally found Liu Junzhou, a tea merchant in Hankou, who was extraordinary.

　　Since the mid-19th century, Hankou has become a big port for tea gathering in the world, with 25,000 tea boats moored on the river and hundreds of tea merchants. One of the most famous tea merchants is Liu Junzhou’s Han family Liu’s Tea House. The annual trading volume of tea in Hankou Port accounts for 65% of the whole country, of which the Liu family accounts for 10%.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Liu junzhou

　　Liu Junzhou accepted the invitation of Banov, took nine technicians, tea seeds and tens of thousands of tea trees, followed Banov to grow tea in the Caucasus along the Russian Black Sea, and succeeded!

　　In 1897, Liu Junzhou returned to China, and his son Liu Zerong was 5 years old. Liu Junzhou set out again with his wife and children and 12 technicians to continue his tea growing career in Russia. Liu Junzhou’s deeds have been widely spread, so that many Russians still call tea "Liu Tea".

　　The tea trade between China and Russia has a long history. As early as the mid-19th century, Russians came to Wuhan to do tea business. In the Russian textbooks of the 1920s, there was a map of the bridge between Chinese and Russian tea bridges, which painted the "China-Russia Wanli Tea Ceremony" formed in the 17th century.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Map of Sino-Russian Tea Road Bridge

　　In this picture, Wanli Tea Ceremony is painted as a long bridge. The starting point of the bridge is Hankou, Wuhan, and the end points to Moscow, Russia. With this "bridge", from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century, there were dozens of Russian tea trading companies in Hankou.

　　However, influenced by the war, in the first half of the 20th century, the Wanli Tea Ceremony between China and Russia gradually declined, and the Liu Tea House of the Han family went into silence. Until 2006, Liu Jiaguo, the 27th generation descendant of Liu’s Tea House of Han family, was determined to revive Liu’s Tea House of Han family, so he resigned from public office and went into business. According to Liu Taikun, the son of Liu Jiaguo, "My father and mother opened a small shop of less than 40 square meters, sold a lot of things and took out 2 million yuan. It’s really desperate!"

　　In 2015, Han Liu’s tea once again advanced into Russia. The company has opened four exclusive stores in Russia and joined more than 50 distribution stores.

　　Through the "Belt and Road Initiative", many famous Hubei teas such as Yangloudong Brick Tea in Chibi and the golden signboard "Yellow Crane Tower Tea" have also entered the homes of Russian people.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　In 2014, Hubei tea merchants copied brick tea a hundred years ago and gave it to Russian President Vladimir Putin.

　　Soviet Eagle over Wuhan during the Anti-Japanese War

　　When it comes to air force aid to China, what’s the first thing that comes to mind? American Flying Tigers? Chennault?

　　In fact, long before the Flying Tigers, there was such a team, which had fought fiercely in the air with the mighty Japanese Air Force in the sky in Wan Li, China. They were the Soviet Air Force Volunteers.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　soviet air force volunteer team

　　In 1938, in the three Wuhan air battles of "2.18", "4.29" and "5.31", the Soviet Air Force Volunteers, together with the China Air Force, successively shot down more than 40 Japanese planes and sacrificed more than 100 people, completely smashing the Japanese invaders’ attempt to "master the air superiority".

　　In order to commemorate this unforgettable history, in 1956, with the approval of Hubei provincial government, 15 tombs of Soviet Air Force martyrs were moved from Wanguo Cemetery in Chen Huaimin Road, Hankou to Jiefang Park. The overall design task of the martyrs’ tomb of the Soviet Volunteer Team falls on Huang Kangyu, a famous architect and chief engineer of Wuhan Architectural Design Institute. Zhang Lianggao, one of the founders of the Department of Architecture of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, is responsible for the specific construction design.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Zhang Lianggao (left) and Huang Kangyu (right)

　　Full of reverence and gratitude, Huang Kangyu and Zhang Lianggao devoted themselves to the design and construction of the martyrs’ tomb. Huang Kangyu originally hoped to design the memorial altar as a dome-shaped building with Soviet style, in which words and pictures were displayed to show the voice and face of the martyrs. However, after the completion of the tombstones and graveyards, the design and construction of the memorial altar had to be stopped due to the shortage of funds, and the dome design of the original drawings has not been completed.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Memories of the design scheme of martyrs’ tomb

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Tomb of the Soviet Air Force Martyrs, now located in emancipation park.

　　Now let’s go to see the tomb of the martyrs of the Soviet Air Force Volunteers. The monument with a square cone points to the sky, indicating that they are martyrs in the sky. There is a big flower bed in front of the monument, in which a huge five-pointed star pattern is planted with red wood, surrounded by more than 60 evergreen trees such as cypress and cedar, guarding the heroes like private soldiers.

　　Later, in the interview of reporter Chi Dajun and others, four more descendants of martyrs were found, and detailed file information of more than 200 martyrs was sorted out. In addition, 14 members of the Soviet Air Force Volunteer Team who died in Wuhan were also found. In 2015, the names of these 14 newly confirmed Soviet martyrs were added to the tombstone of the martyrs in Jiefang Park for future generations to mourn.

　　Decades have passed, the smoke over Wuhan has already dispersed, and the tombstone has no words to refer to the sky. The story of the sword of justice and the eagle hitting the sky will be remembered forever!

　　On this Russian tombstone, the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge is engraved.

　　The Soviet Union has assisted 156 industrial projects in New China, including 7 key projects in Wuhan, including the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, which is known as the "First Bridge of the Yangtze River".

　　In the second year after the founding of New China, the plan to build the Yangtze River Bridge was put on the agenda. For thousands of years, the Yangtze River without a bridge has ushered in the vision of "a natural barrier becomes a thoroughfare".

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge　

　　In the design and construction stage of the bridge, 28 members of the Soviet expert group provided a lot of guidance, and Xilin, the group leader, played a decisive role in the bridge construction.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Xilin, an expert sent by the Soviet Union to help build the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge (first from right)

　　Xilin, who came to China in 1948, had already repaired and erected one bridge after another in the north. However, it is not easy to realize the "natural moat becomes a thoroughfare" under the economic and technical conditions at that time, especially in the most critical bridge foundation construction. At that time, the common practice in the world was the pneumatic caisson method, which has been passed down for a hundred years. However, the Yangtze River was in a turbulent state and the construction depth reached the upper limit of air pressure, which not only delayed time but also endangered workers’ lives. The old method encountered new problems.

　　Therefore, Xilin boldly proposed to replace the pneumatic caisson method with "pipe column drilling method" to change the bridge construction from underwater construction to water construction. This world-advanced construction method shortened the Yangtze River Bridge to two years and one month, completed two years ahead of schedule, and was successfully opened to traffic in 1957.

　　During those hard years, Xilin devoted all his efforts to the bridge. After years of outdoor work, the harsh environment made him suffer from severe arthritis, and the hospitalization period happened to be the tense stage of bridge construction, so he resolutely moved back to the construction site.

　　During the whole process of bridge construction, the builders in China were deeply admired by the professionalism of Soviet experts like Xilin. What impressed Liu Changyuan, a former deputy chief engineer of China Railway Bridge Bureau, was a Soviet expert, West Vacov. When piling pier No.7, some piles could not stand hammering and were easy to crack. In order to tackle the problem on the spot, West Vacov, who was in charge of this pier, went out early and returned late in a boat every day.

　　Xilin and other Soviet experts have been to China many times since the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was opened to traffic. In May 1993, Xilin led a delegation to China to inspect the construction of cable-stayed bridges, and spent his 80th birthday in Wuhan. At that time, wuhan yangtze river bridge was under construction, and Xilin went to the construction site specially.

　　On the monument of the bridge pier of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, the achievements of experts from the former Soviet Union such as Xilin are cast in copper characters. Thousands of miles away in Canete Nicokov Cemetery, a black granite tombstone is engraved with Xilin’s proudest work — — Patterns of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　The pattern of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge engraved on the back of Xilin tombstone

　　The Old Katyusha in Honggang City

　　In Qingshan District, Wuhan, there once lived an old Russian woman who was the only Russian-born China citizen in Wuhan.

　　Her Russian name is Ilina Yaclivna Chilkova, and China’s name is Shufan Li.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　Shufan Li was born in St Petersburg in 1926. At a campus dance, at the age of 23, she met Qiu Yongyan, an international student from China, and they fell in love. In 1950, Shufan Li followed Qiu Yongyan to China without hesitation.

　　In 1953, Shufan Li came to Wuhan with all Russian translators in Central and South China, and worked as a full-time translator for Soviet experts who were preparing to build WISCO at that time. Since then, she has had an indissoluble bond with Jiangcheng, her second hometown.

Follow President Xi to see the world, talk to Volga on the Yangtze River, these stories have to be told. ......

　　In 2017, Shufan Li was interviewed by the Voice of Hubei.

　　In 2017, the Voice of Hubei reporter interviewed the elderly in Shufan Li. According to her recollection, "I still remember that the first investigation was not in the East Lake. After the experts came, they said that the water in the East Lake was not good. It was stagnant water, so it was polluted. Because the iron and steel industry must have flowing water, so to investigate in the Yangtze River, this will go to Qingshan and WISCO will land in Honggang City. " The steel mill settled in Wuhan, which was a suggestion made by Soviet experts after investigation. From the layout of factory and living quarters to the determination of main technology, WISCO basically copied the model of Novosibirsk industrial zone as a whole, representing the advanced level of the world at that time.

　　Russian people can sing and dance, and Shufan Li is no exception. She likes singing and dancing, and after she retired, she organized a dance team with her sisters in the community. The favorite song is the familiar Soviet folk song Katyusha, and the neighbors affectionately call her "Katyusha".

　　In 2021, Shufan Li died of illness at the age of 96. When she left, many neighbors around her shed tears. In Honggang City, everyone will always miss the old Katyusha.

　　In Wuhan, there are still many Russian elements. Now the No.1 club in Dongting, Hankou used to be a Russian consulate. Red brick houses designed by Russia can be seen everywhere in Qingshan and Qiaokou.

　　In April 2014, the China-Europe train that restarted its operation set off from Wuhan and exported "Made in Wuhan" to Russia, realizing the two-way trade between China and Russia.

　　On July 30, 2014, China Southern Airlines opened a direct flight from Wuhan to Moscow.

　　Nowadays, under the influence of the "Belt and Road" cooperation, Wuhan and Russia have increasingly close exchanges in economy, trade, science and technology and culture.

　　In November 2022, Russian Ambassador to China Morcourt Lov said in an interview with Russian reporters that Russia would set up a consulate in Wuhan, but the specific opening time has not yet been determined. Morcourt Love said: In September 2015, witnessed by the leaders of the two countries, Russia and China signed an intergovernmental agreement to establish the Russian Consulate General in Wuhan and the Consulate General of China in Kazan. The Consulate General of China in Kazan will open in 2018. "This means that the Russian consulate in Wuhan will definitely open."

Experts discuss Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thoughts of the Supreme Leader in the new era.

　　"Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic thought of the supreme leader in the new era is the theoretical crystallization of promoting China’s economic development practice in the past five years, the latest achievement of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s political economy, and a very valuable spiritual wealth of the party and the country. It must be persisted and continuously enriched for a long time." The just-concluded Central Economic Work Conference clarified the economic thought of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the supreme leader in the new era, with the new development concept as the main content. Learning, understanding and implementing this thought is the basis and premise for promoting the high-quality development of China’s economy in the new era. How to correctly understand the profound connotation and great significance of this thought? On December 20th, our reporter interviewed many experts for the first time.

　　Insist on strengthening the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work

　　The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we insist on strengthening the Party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work to ensure that China’s economy develops in the right direction.

　　"The leadership of the party is the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and the fundamental political guarantee for achieving sustained and healthy economic and social development." Han Baojiang, director of the Economics Department of the Central Party School, said: since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in the face of the external environment of weak world economic recovery, frequent local conflicts and turmoil, and aggravated global problems, and a series of profound changes such as China’s economic development entering a new normal, we have persisted in strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party over economic work, ensured that China’s economy is moving in the right direction, and made historic achievements in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

　　Economic development has entered a new era and put forward many new requirements for the work of the party and the state. Facing the new situation and new tasks, to do a good job in economic work, we must persist in strengthening the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work.

　　"The Party Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core gives full play to the leading core role of taking the overall situation into account and coordinating all parties, so that the huge ship of China’s economy can be stable and far-reaching." Han Baojiang said: to strengthen the Party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work, it is very important to faithfully implement the strategic deployment and various requirements of the CPC Central Committee.

　　"The key to strengthening the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work lies in cadres." Han Baojiang said that China’s great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention today show that our cadre team as a whole is adapted to the great tasks and missions of reform, opening up and socialist modernization. However, in the face of the complicated domestic and international environment, the quality of our cadres needs to be further improved. We should optimize the knowledge structure and professional structure of the leading bodies and strive to train more experts in leading economic work.

　　Adhere to the people-centered development thought

　　The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that adhering to the people-centered development thought runs through the overall layout of the "five in one" and the coordinated promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout.

　　"Make people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security more substantial, more secure and more sustainable". The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the people-centered development thought at a new height, which is not only the important content of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, but also one of the basic strategies for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a large number of measures to benefit the people have taken root, bringing a full sense of gain. Decisive progress has been made in the fight against poverty, education has developed in an all-round way, the employment situation has continued to improve, the income growth rate of urban and rural residents has exceeded the economic growth rate, the social security system covering urban and rural residents has been basically established, and people’s lives have been continuously improved.

　　"As Socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, we need to adhere to and implement the people-centered development thought. The people have broader needs and higher requirements for a better life. They yearn for a higher level of material and cultural life, and also look forward to the continuous improvement and improvement of democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security and environment. Only by persisting in taking the people as the center and through more balanced and full development can we continuously meet the new needs of the people in the new era. " Luo Laijun, a researcher at the National Development and Strategy Institute of Renmin University of China, said.

　　Taking the people as the center, we must build a complete development system and security system for people’s livelihood. "On the issue of people’s livelihood, the party and the state have put forward a series of specific goals and development areas, including social fairness and justice, education for young children, learning and teaching, income from labor, medical care for the sick, support for the old, shelter and support for the weak, as well as people’s sense of gain and all-round development. These aspects constitute a complete development system and security system for people’s livelihood." Luo Laijun said.

　　Taking the people as the center, we must solve the most concerned, direct and realistic interests of the people. The Central Economic Work Conference put forward that it is necessary to make precise policies on issues of concern to the people, focus on solving outstanding problems such as heavy extracurricular burden of primary and secondary school students, "school choice fever" and "large class size", and solve the problems of infant care and early childhood education services; Pay attention to solving structural employment contradictions and solve the problems of gender discrimination and identity discrimination; Reform and improve the basic old-age insurance system and accelerate the national overall planning of old-age insurance; Continue to solve the problem of "difficult and expensive medical treatment" and encourage social funds to enter the fields of old-age care and medical care. "These measures are concrete manifestations of the people-centered development thinking, which will actually enhance people’s sense of gain." Luo Laijun said.

　　Adhere to adaptation, grasp and lead the new normal of economic development

　　The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should persist in adapting to the new normal of leading economic development, base ourselves on the overall situation and grasp the law.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s economy has been under great pressure of "three-phase superposition" in the growth rate shifting period, the painful period of structural adjustment and the digestive period of the previous stimulus policy. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core comprehensively analyzed the long period of the world economy and the characteristics of China’s development stages and their interaction, and made a major judgment that China’s economic development entered a new normal.

　　The new normal has new features. Economic development has entered a new normal, which is mainly reflected in three characteristics: speed — — "From high-speed growth to medium-high-speed growth", structure — — "The economic structure is constantly optimized and upgraded", which is the driving force — — "From factor-driven and investment-driven to innovation-driven".

　　"The major judgment of the new economic normal has scientifically answered the question of how to look at and do China’s economic development." Pan Jiancheng, deputy director of the China Economic Prosperity Monitoring Center of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that to do a good job in economic work, it is necessary to respect economic laws, and economic development has entered a new normal, which is an inevitable reflection of the staged characteristics of China’s economic development and an inevitable trend that is independent of people’s will.

　　The new normal must have new achievements. Adapting to the new normal, grasping the new normal and leading the new normal are the great logic of China’s economic development at present and in the future. Under the new normal, China’s economy is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. It is necessary to change ideas, strengthen policy coordination, promote leap-forward development, and run the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing through the whole process of economic development.

　　"China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and new things must be done under the new normal." Pan Jiancheng believes that to persist in adapting to the new normal of leading economic development and promoting high-quality development, it is necessary to truly return the past concern about economic growth to improving the quality and efficiency of economic development, to transforming the development mode to promote transformation and upgrading, to promote social fairness and justice, to enhance people’s well-being, and to return to the green mountains where everyone enjoys.

　　Insist on making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and give full play to the role of the government.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should persist in making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, and resolutely remove institutional and institutional obstacles to economic development.

　　The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform, adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, clearly stated that the economic system reform should "make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government", which became another major breakthrough in our party’s reform theory. Putting forward the decisive role of the market in allocating resources clearly shows that the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core is constantly deepening and improving its understanding of market laws.

　　"The key to building a modern economic system is to develop the real economy and deepen the structural reform of the supply side. The key is to make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and give better play to the role of the government." Chi Fulin, president of China (Hainan) Reform and Development Research Institute, believes that in the past five years, the reform of the administrative system focusing on decentralization has played an important role in releasing the reform dividend, promoting economic transformation and coping with the downward pressure on the economy. Facing the new situation of increasing risk factors in economic operation, deepening decentralization with the focus on regulatory changes is conducive to further using the two "hands" of the market and the government.

　　Chen Dongqi, chief expert of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, believes that to make the market play a decisive role in the allocation of resources, it is necessary to speed up the construction of the basic market system, including improving the rules system conducive to promoting fair competition, implementing the fair competition review system, clearing up the regulations and practices that hinder fair access, further deepening the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, and formulating and implementing the negative list, power list and responsibility list system.

　　Persist in adapting to the main contradictions and changes in China’s economic development and improve macro-control

　　The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should persist in adapting to the main contradictions and changes in China’s economic development, improve macro-control, make a choice according to circumstances, prescribe a correct prescription, and take promoting supply-side structural reform as the main line of economic work.

　　"Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the development with insufficient imbalance." This statement in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China means that major changes have taken place in the major social contradictions in our country. This major change is a historic change that has a bearing on the overall situation, which puts forward many new requirements for the work of the Party and the State, and is also an important basis for the Party and the State to formulate major policies and long-term strategies.

　　"The main social contradiction is an objective reflection of the development level and social development stage of a social productive force. What kind of social principal contradiction will exist at what level and at what development stage of the productive force." Xin Ming, a professor at the Central Party School, said that the most fundamental reason for the transformation of major social contradictions in China is that social productive forces have made a leap forward in stages and the level of productive forces has made a qualitative breakthrough.

　　There are many manifestations of major social contradictions in reality, such as dissatisfaction with the supply of domestic products and services, and a large amount of consumption flowing overseas; There are new expectations for social fairness and justice, and the tolerance for unfair and unreasonable institutional phenomena is reduced; The demand for the ecological environment is constantly increasing, and environmental pollution can easily lead to social contradictions, and so on.

　　"Those who are good at treating diseases will cure their diseased places; Those who are good at saving the disadvantages will plug the source of their disadvantages. " Changes in major social contradictions have put forward new requirements for improving macro-control. Although there are cyclical and aggregate factors, the prominent contradictions and problems faced by China’s economic operation are rooted in major structural imbalances, which lead to poor economic cycle. We must find ways to achieve a new dynamic balance between supply and demand from the supply-side structural reform.

　　Xin Ming said that in order to adapt to the major contradictions and changes in China’s economic development and improve macro-control, we must adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, adhere to the quality first and benefit first, promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development, improve the total factor productivity, and strive to accelerate the construction of an industrial system with coordinated development of the real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources, and strive to build an economic system with effective market mechanism, dynamic micro-subjects and moderate macro-control, so as to continuously enhance China’s economy.

　　Adhere to the Problem-oriented and Deploy the New Strategy of Economic Development

　　The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that adhering to the problem-oriented deployment of the new economic development strategy has a far-reaching impact on China’s economic and social development and change.

　　Innovation-driven development strategy, rural revitalization strategy, regional coordinated development strategy and sustainable development strategy … … Adhering to the problem-oriented deployment of a new strategy for economic development is a distinctive feature of the Party Central Committee’s governance of the country since the 18th National Congress, and it is also the demand for economic development to enter a new era. Adhere to the problem orientation, not from books and experience, but from China’s national conditions and realistic contradictions.

　　Adhere to the problem orientation, how to find the right problem? Hou Yongzhi, director of the Development Strategy and Regional Economic Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center, said that since Socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, the major social contradictions in our country have changed, we should start from solving this contradiction to find problems, such as the imbalance between regions, urban and rural areas, economic growth and ecological environment, and the insufficient development of high-end manufacturing and high-end service industries. All these problems should be the direction of efforts.

　　Adhere to the problem-oriented, we should avoid only looking at the appearance of the problem, but find the essence of the problem. Hou Yongzhi, for example, said that the imbalance between economic development and ecological protection is not only a superficial problem of insufficient investment in ecological protection, but also a problem of industrial structure and economic structure. The industrial structure is biased towards the low-end and the pressure on ecological protection is naturally greater. To protect green mountains and green rivers, we should start with adjusting the industrial structure and economic structure.

　　Adhere to correct working strategies and methods.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that we should adhere to correct working strategies and methods, strive for progress steadily, maintain strategic strength, adhere to bottom line thinking, and move forward step by step.

　　"Those who get the law get twice the result with half the effort, and those who don’t get the law get twice the result with half the effort". Doing a good job in economic work is inseparable from correct working strategies and methods. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has always firmly grasped the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, stressed the need to maintain strategic strength, adhere to problem-oriented and bottom-line thinking, carry forward the spirit of nailing, and move forward step by step.

　　"Insisting on striving for progress in stability has become the basis for China’s stable and good economic situation since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China." Pan Jiancheng pointed out that economic development has entered a new era, and "stability" not only refers to stable economic growth, but also includes stable employment, prices and social and economic environment; "Advance" not only refers to the improvement of quality, efficiency and new kinetic energy, but also includes better protection of resources and environment and improvement of people’s livelihood. "Stability" and "progress" are dialectical unity and should be grasped as a whole.

　　"Too much is too late, and the key to doing a good job in the current economic work lies in the macro policy ‘ Degree ’ You must understand what is moderation and what is loss. " Pan Jiancheng said that improving the pertinence and accuracy of macro-control is just like a good doctor diagnosing a disease. For example, to judge whether the economic operation is moderate, more consideration should be given to whether employment is stable and whether prices are in a reasonable range. For another example, there is an obvious regional gap in the real estate market, so it is more conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of the whole real estate industry to put an end to "one size fits all" regulation.

Doing in practice： the wind of Daxing investigation and research

The process of investigation and research is the process of scientific decision-making.

Investigation and study is a process of understanding the situation. People’s correct ideas do not fall from the sky, are not inherent in their minds, but come from practice. Eating steamed buns chewed by others is tasteless. If you want to know the taste of pears, you have to change them and eat them yourself. No matter making or implementing decisions, it is inseparable from investigation and research. Only through investigation and study can we understand the actual situation, sum up grass-roots experience, create conditions for making correct decisions, and provide first-hand materials for checking the deviation of decisions and problems in the implementation process. At the same time, in the investigation and study, cadres can be assessed, their ideological level, work ability and work style can be understood on the spot, talents can be found, and cadres can be used well.

Investigation and research is a process of promoting work. After a decision is made, it is impossible to rely solely on meeting to meeting and document to document, nor can it solve the problem. Leading cadres should demonstrate their style of work, help and guide them in methods, and pay attention to supervision in implementation. They must sink in and strengthen investigation and research. By creating a certain supervision atmosphere, the momentum of promoting the work is formed, by cultivating and summarizing advanced models, the overall situation is promoted, and the rectification is urged through inspection and criticism, so that everyone has pressure, motivation and vitality.

Investigation and research is a process of connecting with the masses and doing things for the people. By going deep into the grass roots, the reality and the masses, we can understand what the masses are thinking, what they are looking forward to and what our Party committee and government need most. Thus, our various decisions and work arrangements will focus on the wisdom of the people, reflect the public opinion, reflect the people’s feelings, do one thing, win the hearts of the people, and truly achieve the relationship between the people, benefit the people, and use the power for the people.

Investigation and research is also a process of self-learning and improvement. The people are real heroes, while we ourselves are often naive and ridiculous. Since the reform and opening up, the great achievements of Zhejiang’s economic and social development have been created by the people of Zhejiang, and the major decisions made by previous provincial party committees and governments have also come from the vivid practice of the grassroots and the masses. Therefore, in the investigation and study, we should be sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions, humbly ask for advice, be students of the masses and be friends of the masses.

It is very important to learn to do research. Leading cadres should be immersed in their hearts and not be confused by superficial phenomena; It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the situation, see the whole leopard at a glance, and don’t touch the elephant by the blind; You should arrive without pomp, and don’t bluff and cause disturbance to the people. With more investigation and research, the grass-roots units will run around, run deep and thoroughly, and our skills will increase, our understanding will leap forward and our work will be better.

[Excerpt from the speech made during the investigation in Fuyang on April 9, 2004]

Comrade Chen Yun once said: "When leading organs formulate policies, they should spend more than 90% of their time on investigation and research, and less than 10% of their time on final discussion and decision." He added: "One-sidedness always comes from being busy making policy decisions without studying the actual situation." Why are some of our current decisions not targeted and operable? In the final analysis, the root is that there is a little less investigation and research. "The situation is unclear and the determination is great, and there are countless ideas in my heart."

The correct decision can never be made by one person or a group of people sitting in the house and thinking hard without investigation and research. It can only be produced in the reality of the people’s reform and development. Before making decisions on major issues, our leading cadres must have the determination to keep their eyes down and the spirit of being a pupil, take a step, go out of the yard, go to the workshop dock, go to the fields, conduct field research, communicate and discuss with people from all walks of life who really understand the truth, and obtain authentic, reliable, solid and effective research results through "exchange, comparison and repetition" so as to get correct conclusions. Investigation and research are like "pregnancy in October", and decision-making is like "delivery once". The process of investigation and research is the process of scientific decision-making, and it must not be omitted or sloppy.

[Excerpted from the column "Zhijiang Xinyu" in Zhejiang Daily on August 26th, 2005]

The research work should be "deep, practical, detailed, accurate and effective"

Investigation and research is an important way to keep close contact with the masses, and it is also a breakthrough point and an important link to strengthen the party’s style construction. Leading cadres at all levels in the province must maintain a pragmatic style in their investigation and research work, and strive to be deep, realistic, meticulous, accurate and effective. Seeking "depth" means going deep into the masses and grass roots, being good at making friends with workers, peasants, intellectuals and people from all walks of life, and solving problems in the fields, factories, mines, the masses and all social levels. Seeking "truth" means to be realistic in the style of investigation and research, to simplify official reception, not to be accompanied by layers, not to add extra burden to the grassroots, and to truly listen to the truth, touch the truth and do practical things. To be "detailed" means to listen carefully to the opinions of all parties, not only to the reports of cadres, but also to the reactions of the masses, to both positive and negative opinions, to analyze the problems in depth and to grasp the overall situation. Seeking "accuracy" means that the conclusions drawn from investigation and research should be scientific and accurate. We should not only understand the actual situation comprehensively and thoroughly, but also be good at analyzing contradictions and finding problems, seeing the essence through phenomena, grasping the regular things, and improving the scientific nature of the investigation conclusions. Seeking "effectiveness" means putting forward practical solutions to problems, formulating policies and measures with strong operability, and achieving practical results.

[Excerpt from a speech at the learning meeting of the theoretical learning center group of the provincial party committee on February 10, 2003]

Investigation is a science and an art. At present, we are in an information age, an open society and a stage of transformation in all aspects. To strengthen investigation and research work, we must actively explore the characteristics and laws of investigation and research work in the new period, strive to improve the universality of investigation and research objects, improve the pertinence of investigation and research contents, improve the scientificity of investigation and research methods, improve the effectiveness of investigation and research results, and constantly improve the quality and level of investigation and research work, so as to truly regard investigation and research as a process of understanding the situation, promoting work, connecting with the masses, doing things for the people and improving self-learning.

First, we should improve the universality of the research objects. Modern society is a diversified society. Due to the increasingly fine social division of labor, the differences in all aspects of society are increasingly prominent, and the development situation and focus of different departments and regions are different. In this case, on the one hand, the information needed by the Party committee and the government to make decisions has greatly increased, on the other hand, the representativeness of the local and individual has declined, which requires us to master as many situations as possible, be good at finding general rules from a large number of individual situations, and grasp objective things as a whole, so as to make correct decisions. In the past, there was a practice of crouching down for a week and a half, and typical investigation methods such as "dissecting sparrows" were widely used. This spirit should be studied and promoted, but now the pace of work is so fast, the information channels are so wide, the communication tools are so developed, and we have to take care of the situation on the surface. It is also necessary to improve the methods and means, and it is not appropriate to sell ourselves short. We should not only do a good job in typical investigation, but also pay attention to improving the universality of investigation and research objects. We should not cover the whole area with points, but only see trees and not forests. Comrade Mao Zedong attaches great importance to typical investigation and is an expert in conducting typical investigation, but he also cautiously sees that the application scope of typical investigation results is limited, and warns us not to be trapped in narrow empiricism. For leading cadres, especially provincial leading cadres, personal time and energy are limited, even if they spend more time on their own, it will inevitably have its limitations, and it is difficult to ensure that the objects of investigation and research are sufficiently extensive and representative.To solve this contradiction, it is necessary to give full play to the role of various localities and departments, especially the comprehensive research department, fully mobilize the research strength of all walks of life, make full use of modern information means, and achieve the combination of point and surface, up and down, internal and external, multi-level, multi-directional and multi-channel understanding of the situation, so that the decision-making has more factual basis. As the old saying goes, "A gentleman’s life is different, and goodness is false in things." This is the truth.

Second, we should improve the pertinence of investigation and research contents. Recently, in his important speech at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, General Secretary Hu Jintao explicitly asked us to "be brave in exploration, be brave in tackling difficulties, be good at innovation, analyze new situations, grasp new features and put forward new ideas, unswervingly implement the line, principles and policies of the Central Committee, and carry out work creatively in combination with reality, so as to constantly create a new situation in all work". To carry out this requirement, we must put targeted investigation and research in an important position. Practice shows that our investigation and research should focus on the central work, be close to reality, the masses and decision-making, be busy with ideas and seek for key points, and be targeted, get twice the result with half the effort and be fruitful. If you are away from the central work and the decision-making needs, the research effect will be greatly reduced. The current economic and social life is extremely complicated, so the policy research department should carry out investigation and study, and the countermeasures and suggestions put forward should not be vague and empty, but must be realistic, correct in thinking and specific in measures. In particular, under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development and the theory of building a harmonious socialist society, we should thoroughly study some new situations and problems in the practice of implementing the "Eighth Five-Year Plan", building a "peaceful Zhejiang" and a cultural province, and constantly put forward insights on "serving the symptoms". For most research results, improving pertinence means timeliness. For hot issues and important issues that leaders pay attention to, we must concentrate our efforts, respond quickly, investigate in time, and actively seek ideas, ideas, countermeasures, suggestions and solutions for leaders to meet their decision-making needs. "Writing at the right time, a word is worth a thousand dollars", and "being born at the right time" can be used for it. If times change and the focus of work shifts, the research results will be slowly produced, even if it is comprehensive, correct and profound, it will be too late to be of great use.

Third, we should improve the diversity of investigation and research methods. Our party has rich experience in investigation and research, and has formed many effective investigation and research methods in long-term practice, such as holding investigation meetings, seminars, visiting investigations, casing investigations, typical investigations, field visits, etc., which we should inherit and improve in the new period. At the same time, we must adapt to the new situation of economic and social development and change, be good at using scientific investigation methods, and comprehensively apply multidisciplinary theories such as economics, sociology, information theory, system theory and cybernetics to provide comprehensive, accurate and reliable information and data for correct decision-making. In concrete practice, we should adopt different investigation methods according to different investigation tasks and requirements, combine micro-investigation with macro-investigation, combine qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, boldly innovate and take a multi-pronged approach to improve the efficiency of investigation work and the quality of investigation results.

Fourth, we should improve the effectiveness of the research results. The general investigation and research is to understand the facts of the basic level and enhance the feelings with the masses, but the policy research department requires a little higher, not only to focus on investigation, but also to focus on research. I once said that "the key is to be good at research after investigation, to be good at spying on the whole leopard when grasping the point, and to be able to see the micro-knowledge and comprehensive refining in the running." Comrades in the policy research department should have the sensitivity to grasp the key points and identify the typical ones, and carry forward the spirit of perseverance and inquiry. At the same time, the investigation and study of the policy research department is not pure theoretical research, but also different from the specific work deployment, but a countermeasure application research combining theory with practice, and it must be emphasized that "research is applied". As the saying goes, "words can carry the Tao, and use is the most expensive." Specifically, the topic of investigation must be closely related to the needs of practical work. The starting point is to provide necessary countermeasures and suggestions for the work of party committees and governments, and the foothold is to solve specific problems in economic and social life; The field of vision of research must be broad and open, not only to foresee the trend and the general trend, but also to see the signs and tendencies of "the wind rises at the end of Qingping"; The process of investigation must be a process of careful analysis and research, from the rough to the fine, from the false to the true, from the outside to the inside. It must be able to grasp the essence and crux of things, reflect the whole picture and characteristics of things, find effective ways and means to solve problems, and avoid superficial, subjective assumptions, isolated, static and one-sided observation and research; The suggestions formed by the investigation must take into account both needs and possibilities.Put forward practical and concrete measures. Some countermeasures and suggestions seem to be correct, but they can only be shelved because they are difficult to actually operate.

[Excerpt from a speech at the Policy Research Office of the Provincial Party Committee on November 2, 2005]

To engage in pilot projects, we should "boldly imagine and carefully verify"

In various reforms, we often adopt the pilot method and gain some experience before popularizing it. Since it is a pilot project, which has never been done before, we must have the spirit of "being the first in the world", emancipate our minds, boldly rush and try, and reform whatever is conducive to development; It is to go beyond the original system and fundamentally break through the shackles of development.

Do a good job in the pilot work, while "boldly imagining", but also "carefully verifying." We should pay attention to strategies and methods, and strive to follow suit. We should adhere to the point test, promote it on the surface, make it easy before it is difficult, make it shallow before it is deep, adjust measures to local conditions, do not make a one-size-fits-all approach, and do not seek quick march. In the first pilot, we should encourage success, tolerate failure, correct mistakes, and pay attention to protecting the enthusiasm of cadres and the masses for reform; In all-round promotion, we should lead the way with mature experience, avoid repetition, reduce mistakes and minimize the risks and costs of reform as much as possible. At the same time, we should pay attention to combining the strength of reform with the affordability of the people, strengthen ideological and political work, improve various supporting measures, be active and steady, and make overall plans to ensure the smooth progress of reform.

[Excerpted from the column "Zhijiang Xinyu" of Zhejiang Daily on September 10, 2003.Article]