月度归档： 2025 年 3 月

Is eating dietary fiber just to lose weight？ You underestimate its power.

Article source: Vita Dog Nutritionist

China Clinical Nutrition Network has been authorized to reprint

Author: Peng Yigu (Master of Food Science, research direction: food nutrition and hygiene)

Please put on two more clothes before reading this article, because knowledge is a little cold. To tell the truth, I have already prepared my mind, and the reading volume may not be very high, but you don’t know, this is the basic knowledge of nutrition. After learning, you will know that keeping in good health is such a simple thing.

Just as building a house requires laying a foundation, dogs, as a popular science worker, must teach you these basic knowledge so that you can learn better and more steadily.

Therefore, please read this article patiently, and you will gain a different life. Starting today’s program, how can dietary fiber be used? Why does your impression of it only stop at losing weight? Is all this a distortion of human nature or a moral decay? Welcome to "Approaching Science": Dietary Fiber-the Guardian of Human Health.

Next you will see:

1. What exactly is dietary fiber?

2. How strong is dietary fiber?

3. Food sources of dietary fiber

4. Three misunderstandings of dietary fiber

Nutrition experts are always reminding: to eat more dietary fiber, what is it? The professional definition is: polysaccharide that exists in plants and cannot be digested and absorbed by human body. Speak human words …

First of all, as long as the food grows in the ground, it contains dietary fiber, not just vegetables, fruits and whole grains you think. Like mushrooms and nuts, they are also rich in dietary fiber (which we will talk about later).

Secondly, dietary fiber is a kind of carbohydrate, which can be divided into simple and complex schools. Dietary fiber is a disciple of polysaccharide under complex schools, and this disciple is very different.

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Why is it different? Because it can neither be digested nor absorbed by the human body, nor can it provide energy for the human body. See? Why do people think of losing weight when it comes to dietary fiber? I think the root cause lies here. So, dietary fiber seems to be useless, a waste? No, outstanding people are often different. Dietary fiber has made great contributions to our human body. Read on.

Before clarifying this question, let’s learn about the classification of dietary fiber.

1. The classification of dietary fiber

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Water solubility, as the name implies, means that this kind of fiber can be dissolved in water, just like cement, which will swell up after absorbing water and make the food ball sticky. For a simple example, when people soak oatmeal, have you noticed that it becomes sticky after a long time? This is due to the water-soluble fiber in oats.

Although water-insoluble dietary fibers are insoluble in water, they are mixed in the food ball, just like steel bars, which is beneficial to prop up the food ball and make it bigger, thus increasing satiety and stimulating intestinal peristalsis. They are inseparable friends, and most plant foods contain both dietary fibers.

2. The role of dietary fiber

It is precisely because dietary fiber can get rich when it meets water, oh no, it gets fat when it meets water, and it is firmly bonded with other substances, so the health effect is increasing.

First of all, of course, it is well-known to lose weight.

Controlling weight is beneficial to losing weight.

Reason: The combination of dietary fiber and food can increase the volume and consistency in the stomach and increase the feeling of fullness, thus making you eat less. Plus it can’t provide energy, which helps you reduce your energy intake.

Reduce serum cholesterol and prevent heart disease.

Reason: Here we want to talk about a substance called bile acid, which is a component of digestive juice and secreted by the liver, and can promote our body’s absorption of fat and cholesterol.

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However, dietary fiber can adsorb bile acids.

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With less bile acid, the absorption rate of fat and cholesterol will decrease, which is beneficial to the decline of blood lipid, which also reduces the risk of coronary heart disease.

Conducive to controlling blood sugar and maintaining balance.

Reason: First of all, dietary fiber will not increase blood sugar because it will not be digested and absorbed by the intestine and will not provide energy. In addition, dietary fiber mixed with chyme can also reduce the absorption of sugar in food by small intestine, thus slowly raising blood sugar.

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Because dietary fiber comes forward, the pancreas does not need to secrete so much insulin to metabolize sugar, which also reduces the working pressure of the pancreas, thus reducing the occurrence of diabetes.

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Conducive to the growth of intestinal probiotics

Reason: Water-soluble dietary fiber can be fermented by intestinal bacteria to synthesize short-chain fatty acids, which is a hotbed for probiotics. Short-chain fatty acids can also adjust the PH value of the intestine, which is more conducive to the growth of probiotics. When probiotics are strong, harmful bacteria in the intestines can’t make waves, and the intestines are healthier.

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Enhance intestinal function, which is beneficial to waste discharge.

Reason: As we said just now, dietary fiber expands when it meets water, and when it is combined with stool, it can make it bigger and softer, which is beneficial to the discharge of stool, and cellulose can also promote intestinal peristalsis, which accelerates defecation.

In addition, dietary fiber will be discharged with a small amount of cholesterol, fat and heavy metals in food, and you will feel light and relaxed.

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Prevention of colon cancer

Reason: The time of defecation is accelerated, which also means that it stays in the intestine for a shorter time, which can prevent carcinogens from contacting with the easily infected intestinal mucosa for a long time, thus reducing the possibility of canceration.

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The above six points are the efficacy of dietary fiber. See, it is simply a warm man who cares about everything and has a central air conditioning level!

In this era of obesity, diabetes and heart disease, dietary fiber is the hero to save mankind!

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Hurry up and pass it on to those people around you who don’t like fruits and vegetables, and let them see what a pity it is!

Since dietary fiber is so great, which foods have high dietary fiber content? Please accept this form.

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(Click to enlarge)

Here, dogs want to focus on the category of vegetables. Generally speaking, the dietary fiber content of wild vegetables is higher than that of cultivated vegetables, and dark green vegetables are higher than that of light-colored vegetables.

So, are all vegetables high in dietary fiber?

No, usually fruit vegetables, such as tomatoes (0.5%), cucumbers (0.5%) and wax gourd (0.7%) are relatively low. So, you should know which vegetable to choose for constipation!

After seeing the last row of nuts, friends who want to lose weight and want to eat nuts can choose almonds.

Dietary fiber has so many benefits, so is it better to eat more?

No, too much intake is not good for human body, because dietary fiber can be combined with iron, calcium, zinc, etc., thus affecting the absorption and utilization of these elements, which will lead to malnutrition in the long run.

The standard is to consume 30g every day. Take tremella with high content in mushroom as an example. Eating about 100g is equivalent to 30g of dietary fiber. However, dogs don’t advise you to eat a single food to meet your needs, but to diversify your food. Unfortunately, according to statistics, the dietary fiber intake of Chinese residents is far from the standard.

Come on! You, with your plain appearance and average qualifications, finally have a chance to get ahead!

I hope that in the future dinner, everyone will stop vomiting-inducing toasts, but

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In order to help people make better use of it, the dog lists the questions that people often ask me and answers them uniformly.

1. Is the dietary fiber content of vegetables with tendons higher than that of vegetables without tendons?

NO! This truth is like a real rich man. You may not see that TA is wearing any famous brand from head to toe, but you really just can’t see it. For example, sweet potato does not contain gluten, but its cellulose content is much higher than that of Chinese cabbage with gluten. In addition, as we mentioned just now, there is no gluten in fungus, tremella and laver, but the dietary fiber content is very high.

2. Does chopping and breaking vegetables lose the healthy function of fiber?

Not really. Fiber can not be digested by human small intestine, so it can play a healthy role and will not be changed by physical treatment. Whether it is chopped or boiled, it will not change.

Yes, it is not afraid of chopping!

Studies have measured the swelling power and water-holding capacity of dietary fiber from burdock residue, and the swelling power and water-holding capacity of dietary fiber are basically unchanged when it is crushed in the range of 355um-250um. However, under normal circumstances, we don’t need to break it too much, because other oxidizable nutrients will be lost, and secondly, we will eat more food.

3. Does the more dietary fiber you eat, the more you lose weight?

Dietary fiber absorbs water and expands in the stomach, resulting in satiety, reducing eating other foods and really helping to lose weight. However, if you eat dietary fiber without reducing the intake of other foods, it will not help you lose weight.

At present, there are many biscuits with high dietary fiber on the market, saying that they can lose weight. The dog wants to explain that you may get fatter and fatter as you eat them. Because dietary fiber can’t be digested, especially insoluble dietary fiber, the taste is not good. In order to avoid stinging, a lot of oil will be added to improve the taste. You may eat more fat than dietary fiber, so don’t be superstitious.

That’s all for today’s cold knowledge. I believe you will work hard to reach the standard and win at a healthy starting line. After all, something good will happen to those who live long enough.

Summary: the role of dietary fiber

1. Weight control is beneficial to lose weight.

2. Reduce serum cholesterol and prevent heart disease.

3. It is beneficial to control blood sugar and maintain balance.

4. Conducive to the growth of intestinal probiotics

5. Enhance intestinal function, which is beneficial to waste discharge.

Step 6 Prevent colon cancer

References:

[1] Sun Changyao, editor-in-chief. Nutrition and Food Hygiene. Eighth edition, People’s Health Publishing House, 2017.

[2] Yang Yuexin, Zhang Lishi, Mi Mantian. Public nutritionist. Beijing: China Labor and Social Security Press, 2012.

Yang Yuexin, Wang Guangya, Pan Xingchang. China Food Composition Table. Beijing: Peking University Medical Press, 2002.

[4] Fan Zhihong, N rumors about dietary fiber, 2009.

Xu Jing, Zhang Tao, Jiang Bo, et al. Study on the structure and physical properties of dietary fiber particles from burdock residue [J]. Food Industry Science and Technology, 2010,7:026.

Editorial Department of China Clinical Nutrition Network

Dynamic column of this site:

Original title: "[Popular Science Nutrition] Is eating dietary fiber just to lose weight? You underestimate its power! 》

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Ideas and strategies to enhance the self-control ability of supply chain

　　Supply chain security has become a highly concerned issue in all countries, and it is also an urgent task to realize the independent control of China’s supply chain.
　　Realizing the self-control of supply chain is an inevitable choice for building a new development pattern, which is of great significance for unswervingly building a manufacturing power.
　　To enhance the self-control ability of supply chain, we need to take a multi-pronged approach, and pay attention to coordinating and handling the relationship with global division of labor and cooperation.
　　The Central Economic Work Conference laid out the key tasks for 2021, and clearly pointed out that "enhancing the self-control ability of the industrial chain supply chain" and "the security and stability of the industrial chain supply chain is the basis for building a new development pattern". So, as far as China’s supply chain is concerned, what problems and risks need to be dealt with? Why is it urgent to improve self-control ability? How to take multiple measures to ensure the safety of supply chain? These are all important topics that need to be studied and solved urgently at present.
　　Pay close attention to supply chain security.
　　Generally speaking, the supply chain mainly refers to the process of multinational companies purchasing raw materials around the world and combining them into finished products through complex processes. Multinational companies engaged in production and business activities in countries all over the world need to effectively manage the supply chain all over the world, that is, plan, coordinate, operate, control and optimize the whole supply chain system, and deliver the products needed by customers to the right place at the right time according to the right quantity, quality and state, and optimize the total cost.
　　In this process, multinational companies have formed complex supply chains and networks by arranging supply chains around the world. As a part of the global supply chain, the supply chains of various countries are linked by interests, which influence, depend on and interact with each other. Because it is difficult for a country to effectively control the supply chain of other countries, and the supply chain operation may get out of control, the supply chain security has become a highly concerned issue for all countries.
　　In recent years, China has also encountered some problems such as poor industrial operation caused by the failure or even fracture of supply chain operation. Supply chain risks mainly come from technical protection and technical barriers in some developed countries. For example, once some countries find that a high-tech research and development in China has reached a key node, they begin to strictly limit the supply of technology. Some countries can control the global supply chain of an industry and become "chain owners" because of their technological or resource advantages. With the help of the status of "chain owner", they will lay out the supply chain in other countries with their own needs as the center, transfer the supply chain links with low profit margins, consolidate their dominant position at the highest end of the value chain, and use their control to crack down on potential competitors, thus making other countries in the supply chain in a relatively passive position and facing greater supply chain risks. In recent years, China has been frequently suppressed by individual "chain owners". Because some products in China are still in the process of processing and assembly in the supply chain, some core technologies are still subject to people, and there are shortcomings, which directly leads to the "stuck neck". In addition, the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic has also prompted some countries to take measures to move some key supply chains back to their own countries or relocate them. Therefore, it has become a top priority to realize the independent control of China’s supply chain.
　　Realizing self-control is an inevitable choice.
　　We should have a correct understanding of the self-control of supply chain. "Autonomy" means that China can play a leading role in key supply chains; "Controllable" means that although China cannot dominate some supply chains, it has great control and influence. The purpose of realizing self-control of supply chain is to ensure the smooth operation of national economy and realize economic security and industrial security.
　　Generally speaking, indicators to measure the security of a country’s supply chain include toughness and elasticity. Resilience means that the supply chain has strong enough anti-strike ability; Elasticity refers to the ability of supply chain to recover quickly from accidental damage and run continuously in the face of uncertain environment. Realizing "autonomous control" means that the supply chain has good toughness and elasticity, and can maintain or quickly resume normal operation under external shocks.
　　Realizing the self-control of supply chain is an inevitable choice to build a new development pattern. Accelerating the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other means building an autonomous and controllable supply chain in China, that is, from raw materials and equipment to intermediate products and finished products to consumer purchases, all these links are autonomous and controllable. As the second largest economy in the world, China cannot allow its supply chain to be dominated. At the same time, China has a huge domestic demand market and efficient industrial clusters, which is an important guarantee to realize the independent and controllable supply chain. China must build an independent and controllable supply chain to provide important support for accelerating the construction of a new development pattern.
　　Realizing the self-control of supply chain is an inevitable choice for building a manufacturing power. A strong manufacturing country requires not only a large-scale manufacturing industry, complete industrial sectors and high technology content, but also a sufficiently safe and efficient supply chain. It can be seen from the suppression of China’s high-tech supply chain by some developed countries in recent years that there are some weak links in China’s manufacturing supply chain, including technical shortcomings. Therefore, to unswervingly build a manufacturing power, we must build an independent, controllable and highly secure supply chain.
　　Take multiple measures at the same time to enhance self-control ability
　　To enhance the self-control ability of the industrial chain supply chain, we should take measures to promote the completion of short boards and forging long boards as a whole, and implement the industrial base reconstruction project in accordance with the requirements put forward by the Central Economic Work Conference, and intensify our work.
　　Find out the base and fill in the shortcomings. Relevant departments should be organized to make a thorough survey of the supply chain of China’s high-tech industries and other key industries, list the weak links according to the technology gap and the pressure from competitors, and list the possible alternative technologies. For key supply chain links and "stuck neck" technology, lock the shortcomings one by one, focus on tackling key problems and transform research and development results as soon as possible to expand the technology spillover effect; For some key industries, speed up the establishment of independent and controllable supply chains to ensure the safety of supply chains.
　　Give full play to advantages and forge long boards. In the global supply chain, China’s manufacturing industry has the competitiveness that can not be ignored, that is, the "long board", for example, it has a strong manufacturing industrial cluster and technological advantages suitable for China’s industry and market characteristics. Measures such as improving the business environment should be taken to further develop these "long board" advantages and encourage enterprises to become bigger and stronger in their advantageous fields.
　　Lay a solid foundation and improve your ability. The overall competitiveness of a country’s supply chain must be based on a solid industrial foundation. We should establish an evaluation system of industrial basic ability, accurately grasp and evaluate the present situation of China’s industrial chain supply chain and key technologies, and determine scientific and reasonable upgrading goals; In-depth implementation of industrial base reengineering project, clear focus, classification organization and implementation; To strengthen the construction of basic R&D system of common technology, we can consider adopting different organizational forms according to the characteristics of different common technologies.
　　Pay attention to coordinating and handling the two major relationships.
　　With the deepening of economic globalization, the international division of labor is becoming more and more complicated, and the dependence of supply chain between countries will become greater and greater. Therefore, to improve the self-control ability of supply chain, we should also pay attention to coordinating and handling the two major relationships.
　　The first is the relationship between supply chain autonomy and global division of labor and cooperation. Autonomous controllability can only be "autonomous" and "controllable" to a certain extent, and it is difficult to cover all links in the supply chain, so we should combine autonomous controllability with global supply chain cooperation. For some "stuck neck" links, we should have certain technical reserves in our country and have the ability to concentrate resources to achieve technological breakthroughs; At the same time, based on the principle of mutual benefit and win-win, we should establish closer supply chain cooperation by signing free trade agreements and investment agreements with other economic and trade partners to form complementary advantages and improve the stability and security of international supply chain cooperation.
　　The second is the relationship between self-control and upgrading of supply chain. For China, in addition to realizing the self-control of the supply chain, it is also necessary to vigorously enhance the competitiveness of the industrial chain supply chain and its position in the global value chain through technological innovation. From the enterprise level, we should vigorously carry forward the entrepreneurial spirit and promote innovation in raw materials, technology, products, markets and production organization. From the government level, we should vigorously consolidate the basic research links in the innovation chain of Science and Technology, make long-term planning and continue to invest. At the same time, it is necessary to promote a better combination of effective markets and promising governments.
　　[The author is a researcher at the Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center of the New Era, the supreme leader of the Central Party School (National School of Administration)]
(Editor: Wu Yujuan)

Health science ｜ involving influenza and COVID-19, the latest notification of China’s disease control has come …

Click on the blue word above to pay attention to "vitality and harmony"

recent days

Issued by China CDC in official website.

No.795, Week 10, 2024

China Influenza Surveillance Weekly

↓ ↓ ↓

Summary of influenza epidemic situation in China

(As of March 10th, 2024)

Monitoring data show that the positive rate of influenza virus detection in southern and northern provinces continued to decline this week. B(Victoria) strain was the main strain, followed by A(H3N2) subtype and A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype. Twenty-two outbreaks of influenza were reported nationwide.

From April 3, 2023 to March 10, 2024 (based on the experimental date), 1875 strains (97.3%) of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus were similar strains of A/Victoria/4897/2022; 1233 strains (40.9%) of influenza virus subtype A(H3N2) are similar strains of A/Darwin/9/2021 (chicken embryo strain); 1219 strains (40.4%) were similar to A/Darwin/6/2021 (cell strain); B(Victoria) strain 1052 (98.7%) is similar to B/Austria/1359417/2021.

Since April 3, 2023, drug resistance monitoring showed that all influenza strains of subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 were sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors, except five strains of subtype A(H1N1)pdm09. All strains of influenza A(H3N2) and influenza B are sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors. All influenza strains A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) subtype and B are sensitive to polymerase inhibitors.

Epidemic situation of novel coronavirus infection in China

(February 2024)

First, the report of severe infections and deaths in Covid-19.

From February 1 to February 29, 2024, 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps reported 358 new cases of severe illness and 22 deaths (including 0 cases of respiratory failure caused by Covid-19 infection and 22 cases of death caused by Covid-19 infection). See figure 1.

Fig. 1 Report of new severe and fatal cases of infection in Covid-19.

Two, the national fever clinic (clinic) diagnosis and treatment.

From February 1 to February 29, 2024, the number of fever clinics (consultation rooms) in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps dropped from 202,000 on February 1 to 116,000 on February 9 (the lowest in this month), and then fluctuated and fell to the highest of 211,000 on February 19, and reached 158,000 on February 29. See figure 2.

Fig. 2 The changing trend of the number of fever clinics (consulting rooms) in China.

Third, the sentinel hospital monitoring situation

From the fifth week (January 29-February 4) to the ninth week (February 26-March 3) in 2024, the proportion of influenza-like cases in outpatient (emergency) clinics in sentinel hospitals in China showed a trend of first rising and then falling, with the proportion of influenza-like cases being 6.1%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 5.4% and 5.0% respectively. See figure 3-1.

Figure 3-1 Changing trend of influenza-like cases reported by sentinel hospitals in China

The Covid-19 positive rate of influenza-like cases increased from 3.3% in the fifth week (January 29th-February 4th) to 14.3% in the ninth week (February 26th-March 3rd) in 2024. See figure 3-2.

Figure 3-2 Trends of COVID-19 and Influenza Virus Positive Rate of Influenza-like Cases in National Sentinel Hospitals

IV. Monitoring of virus variation in local cases

From February 1 to February 29, 2024, 6653 local cases of Covid-19 genome were reported from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, all of which were Omicron variants, and the main epidemic strains were JN.1 series variants. According to the sampling date, the proportion of XBB and its sub-branches has been declining recently, while the proportion of JN.1 and its sub-branches has been increasing. See figure 4.

Fig. 4 Variation trend of local cases infected in novel coronavirus in China.

spring

It is the season of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases.

It’s the turn of winter and spring.

Repeated climate change

In addition, there are more population movements.

In places where people are relatively concentrated

It is easy to cause the spread of respiratory infectious diseases

Please take good health protection.

Source/Pentium Rong Media

Editor/Jay Song Zhang Xiaomin

Audit/Wang Yuanfei

Final review/Ho Lee

News hotline/0474-7215507

Submission email/xhrmt2019@126.com

Disclaimer: Original manuscript of Xinghe County Rong Media

Please indicate that it is from the official WeChat of Vitality Xinghe.

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Original title: "Health science | involving influenza, COVID-19, the latest notification of Chinese disease control is coming …"

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From January, these new regulations will affect the lives of overseas Chinese!

　　China Overseas Chinese Network, January 1 ST Issue From January, these new regulations will affect the lives of overseas Chinese!

　　The new year is coming, and good things are coming!

　　With the opening of the 2019 prelude, a large number of new regulations have come.

　　Xiao Qiao packed it for everyone and wished everyone a happy New Year!

　　special focus

　　Major adjustment of passport policy for overseas China citizens.

　　Relevant policies were officially implemented on January 1, 2019.

　　After the adjustment, the scope of acceptance of overseas China citizens’ passport applications has been further expanded, the requirements for application materials have been further relaxed, and it will be more convenient for minors to apply for permits.

　

　　Immigrants also have to pay taxes.

　　On January 1, 2019, the new individual income tax law was officially implemented.

　　It stipulates that "individuals who have or have no domicile in China and have lived in China for 183 days in a tax year are’ tax residents’, and their income obtained in China and abroad is subject to personal income tax in accordance with the provisions of this Law."

　　Purchasing faces a maximum fine of 2 million yuan.

　　The Electronic Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China came into effect on January 1, 2019. This is the first comprehensive law in the field of e-commerce in China.

　　The new law makes it clear that natural persons who engage in business activities of goods and services by means of WeChat friends circle and live webcast are also e-commerce operators, and those who engage in personal purchasing and Wechat business must also apply for industrial and commercial registration according to law, obtain relevant administrative licenses and pay taxes according to law.

　　According to this law, e-commerce operators will be strictly supervised in the future, and they will face a fine of up to 2 million yuan once they violate the rules.

　　The new anti-money laundering regulations of the central bank require 50,000 cash transactions to be reported.

　　The Administrative Measures for Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Financing of Internet Financial Institutions (Trial) came into effect on January 1, 2019.

　　According to the regulations, for the cash receipts and payments of customers with a single or cumulative transaction of more than RMB 50,000 (including RMB 50,000) and a foreign currency equivalent of more than US$ 10,000 (including US$ 10,000) on the same day, institutions other than financial institutions and non-bank payment institutions shall submit a large transaction report within 5 working days after the transaction.

　　A variety of anticancer drugs and raw materials for rare diseases are subject to zero tariffs.

　　The "Adjustment Plan for Provisional Import and Export Tax Rates in 2019" was released, which clarified that since January 1, 2019, China has imposed provisional import tax rates on 706 commodities, and no export tariffs will be imposed on 94 commodities in the energy resources industry.

　　Among them, pharmaceutical raw materials include a variety of anticancer drug raw materials and rare disease drug raw materials, and the provisional tax rate in 2019 is zero.

　　Increase the quota of commodities that can enjoy preferential import duties.

　　From January 1, 2019, China will adjust the tax policy for cross-border e-commerce retail imports, raise the upper limit of commodity quotas enjoying preferential tax policies, and expand the list.

　　The adjustment of tax policy will increase the annual transaction limit from 20,000 yuan per person per year to 26,000 yuan, and the camera will be raised with the increase of residents’ income in the future; Increase the limit of a single transaction to 5000 yuan.

　　Entry and exit

　　Foreigners transit five cities without visa.

　　Since January 1, 2019, five cities including Xiamen, Qingdao, Wuhan, Chengdu and Kunming have implemented the 144-hour visa-free transit policy for foreigners.

　　People from 53 countries, with valid international travel documents and a joint ticket to a third country (region) with a fixed date and seat within 144 hours, can enter the country without a visa from the relevant ports in the above cities, and stay in Xiamen, Shandong, Wuhan, Chengdu and Kunming for 144 hours without a visa.

　　Taxpayers who owe more than 100,000 yuan in taxes are restricted from leaving the country.

　　The Measures for the Information Publication of Major Cases of Tax Violations and Dishonesty came into effect on January 1, 2019.

　　The "Measures" stipulate that if a taxpayer fails to pay the tax payable and obstructs the tax authorities from recovering it by transferring or concealing property, the taxpayer’s tax credit rating will be directly judged as "D" if the amount of unpaid tax is more than 100,000 yuan (RMB).

　　For such taxpayers, the tax authorities will notify the entry-exit administration to prevent them from leaving the country.

　　Simplification of visa to Japan

　　On January 1, 2019, Japan began to implement the policy of further relaxing visas for Japanese students or Japanese tourists who have visited China many times in the past three years.

　　This time, the number of China student colleges and universities that will simplify the application procedures will be expanded from 75 to 1,243.

　　For Japanese tourists who have visited China twice or more on individual tourist visas in the past three years, the procedures for applying for multiple-entry visas have also been simplified.

　　New international regulations

　　Japan levies "exit tax"

　　From January 7, 2019, the "International Tourist Tax" of 1,000 yen (about RMB 60.7) will be levied on foreign tourists and Japanese when they leave the country.

　　Ukraine stopped handling landing visa.

　　Uzbekistan plans to implement the electronic visa policy for relevant countries from January 1, 2019, and stop handling landing visa at Borispol Airport, Kiev Airport (formerly Ruliang Airport) and Odessa Airport.

　　The Embassy of China in Uzbekistan suggested that citizens going to China should complete their visas in embassies and consulates in China in advance to avoid being blocked from entering the country.

　　New domestic regulations

　　The implementation of the new tax law attracts attention

　　The new tax law implemented on January 1, 2019, the threshold is adjusted to 5,000 yuan per month, and taxpayers with a monthly income of less than 5,000 yuan will no longer need to pay a tax.

　　In addition, taxpayers can also enjoy special additional deductions such as children’s education, continuing education, serious illness medical care, housing loan interest or housing rent, and supporting the elderly.

　　Social security will be uniformly collected by the tax authorities.

　　The "Reform Plan for the Collection and Management System of National Taxation and Local Taxation" clarifies that from January 1, 2019, various insurance premiums such as basic old-age insurance premiums, basic medical insurance premiums, unemployment insurance premiums, work injury insurance premiums, and maternity insurance premiums will be uniformly collected by the tax authorities.

　　The country officially provides mobile phone card off-site account cancellation service.

　　The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology requires China Mobile, China Telecom and China Unicom, three basic telecommunications companies, to officially provide mobile phone card off-site account cancellation services nationwide from January 1, 2019.

　　After that, mobile phone users can find the automatic account cancellation entrance through the apps developed by various telecom companies to complete the account cancellation.

　　Six national standards for electronic licenses issued

　　Previously, six national standards for electronic licenses were issued, and this series of standards will be implemented on January 1, 2019.

　　The standard stipulates the overall technical framework, unified license classification rules and basic information of electronic license application, which is helpful to promote the realization of "one network to run" nationwide, make the sharing of government information resources and services smoother, and make people feel more convenient.

　　The tax burden of venture capital individual partners will only decrease, not increase.

　　From January 1, 2019, venture capital enterprises registered in accordance with the law can choose to be accounted for by a single investment fund, and their individual partners will pay personal income tax at the rate of 20% on the equity transfer and dividends obtained from the fund; Or choose to calculate according to the annual income of venture capital enterprises as a whole, and the individual partner’s income from the enterprise is calculated according to the excessive progressive tax rate of 5%-35%.

　　The implementation period of this policy is tentatively set at 5 years.

　　Implementation of new driving regulations

　　According to the new driving regulations in 2019, each car needs to be bound to the owner, and only after being bound can it drive normally.

　　If the owner violates the rules, only the owner can go to the traffic control department for handling.

　　At the same time, the new driver’s license regulations have also been implemented since January 2019.

　　These include:

　　C1 quasi-driving models increased;

　　Owners can add points for their driver’s licenses by answering questions, reporting violations and keeping no violation records.

　　The conditions for applying for a driver’s license have been relaxed: the age limit for driving has been raised from 65 to 70, the number of people who check their driver’s license has been expanded to the disabled, and they can apply for a driver’s license in any area.

　　Is this still useful?

　　Forward quickly

　　Let more people know!

(Source: China Overseas Chinese Network official WeChat, Author: Ma Xiuxiu, ID: qiaowangzhongguo)

Do you know about World Statistics Day？

　　　　　　　 In 2010, the 90th meeting of the 64th UN General Assembly adopted a formal resolution to designate October 20th, 2010 as "World Statistics Day". This is the first global statistics day in history, and global statisticians have ushered in their own common festival. Five years later, the 69th United Nations General Assembly officially designated October 20th as World Statistics Day, which is celebrated every five years. As a grand event that transcends national boundaries, World Statistics Day highlights the concept of "global statistics are one" and enhances the importance of official statistics and public recognition.

　

　　　　　　　 I. Origin of "World Statistics Day"


　　　　　　　 After the end of World War II, all countries are healing the wounds of war and restoring and developing their economies. In this process, official statistics began to play a role in social and government decision-making, especially in important areas of people’s livelihood such as economy, population and health. With the continuous development and progress of economy and society, the national statistical agency responsible for producing and disseminating official statistical data has become one of the important national institutions in every country, and statistical data has also become an important basis for government decision-making, academic research and public knowledge.

　

　　　　　　　 Worldwide, the United Nations established the Statistical Commission in 1947, which is responsible for formulating international statistical standards, methods and guidelines, and promoting the standardization and global comparability of statistics in all countries of the world, the improvement of methods and systems and the improvement of data quality. Nowadays, global statisticians cooperate sincerely, and official statistics have formed a closely linked world family. Every year, heads of statistical agencies of United Nations member countries and international organizations gather in new york to make decisions on various statistical issues at the annual meeting of the United Nations Statistical Commission. Official statistics have made unprecedented achievements on a global scale, which deserves to be celebrated by the statistical community.

　

　　　　　　　 In September 2008, the United Nations Statistics Division invited countries, regional institutions and international organizations to express their views on the proposal to celebrate World Statistics Day on October 20, 2010. Although many countries and regions have held statistics day, statistics week or statistics month celebrations in various forms, global statistics day celebrations can better show the great achievements made by official statistics in the world and the important contributions made to economic and social development. This initiative received a wide response during the fortieth session of the United Nations Statistical Commission in February 2009, and 75 countries and international organizations expressed their support. Based on these positive feedbacks, the forty-first session of the United Nations Statistical Commission in February 2010 considered the report on World Statistics Day, and at the 64th session of the United Nations General Assembly, a resolution was made to designate October 20, 2010 as World Statistics Day, inviting governments to support the celebration of World Statistics Day.

　

　　　　　　　 Second, the style of previous World Statistics Days


　　　　　　　 On October 20th, 2010, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs and the National Bureau of Statistics of China jointly held the first global celebration of "World Statistics Day" in the United Nations Pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo, with the theme of celebrating many achievements of official statistics and promoting the core values of "service, integrity and professionalism" of official statistics, aiming at enhancing public understanding and support for official statistics. Li Keqiang, Deputy Prime Minister of the State Council, China, and Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, sent written speeches; The Statistics Department of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs and the National Bureau of Statistics of China jointly held the launching ceremony of "World Women: 2010" and "Interpretation of Main Statistical Indicators in China", signed the Letter of Intent on International Statistical Training Cooperation between the National Bureau of Statistics of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the United Nations Statistics Department, and held the opening ceremony of the China International Statistical Training Center-United Nations Statistical Cooperation Center. The celebration of the first World Statistics Day was supported and promoted by about 80 countries around the world, and more than 100 countries around the world held celebrations.

　

　　　　　　　 On October 20, 2015, the second World Statistics Day was celebrated in Xi ‘an, China. Nearly 100 statistical officials, experts and scholars from 55 countries and international organizations gathered together to show government statistical achievements, share statistical development experience and advocate statistics to better serve economic and social development and enhance people’s well-being. The theme of this Statistics Day is "Optimizing Data and Improving Life", which has been supported and promoted by national statistical agencies, statistical associations, universities and other partners in more than 110 countries and regions around the world. Promotion activities include holding a press conference, reporting the latest survey or census results, and releasing statistics of interest to the general public, which further expands the influence of official statistics.

　

　　　　　　　 The third World Statistics Day was held on October 20th, 2020, with the theme of "Connecting the world with data we can trust", emphasizing the importance of credibility, authoritative data, innovation and public products in the national statistical system. The celebration was organized under the guidance of the United Nations Statistical Commission, and the global statistical agencies made joint efforts to hold various activities to display and publicize statistics. In his invitation letter to all countries, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres pointed out: "On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, the whole world is deploying data to meet common challenges. Let us take the opportunity of World Statistics Day to highlight the important role of statistics in promoting sustainable development."

　

　 Logo of previous world statistics days

　

　　　　　　　 Third, China Statistics Open Day


　　　　　　　 The National Bureau of Statistics of China responded positively to the United Nations resolution on celebrating World Statistics Day, and designated September 20th, 2010 as "China Statistics Open Day", and carried out a series of activities with the themes of "Statistics with You" and "Towards Open and Transparent China Statistics". Since then, in mid-September every year, the National Bureau of Statistics will hold a series of activities of the China Statistics Open Day in combination with the major themes and key work of China’s official statistics in that year, and invite grassroots statistical investigators, users of statistical data, teachers and students of colleges and universities, netizens and media reporters and other representatives from all walks of life to the event site for discussion and exchange, so as to enhance the public’s understanding of statistical work and statistical data and promote China statistics to be more open, transparent and better serve the society.

　

　

　　So far, the National Bureau of Statistics has heldThe 11th China Statistics Open Day received great attention from all walks of life, the active participation of the public, and the strong support of statistical institutions at all levels and statisticians. It not only showed the new achievements of China’s statistical reform and development, but also spread statistical knowledge and promoted statistical culture. As a beautiful business card for statistical departments to create sunshine statistics, China Statistics Open Day reflects the attitude of statistical departments to actively adapt to the new situation of China’s economic and social development, open their doors to statistics, and consciously accept social supervision. At the same time, it has become a window to effectively improve statistical ability, statistical data quality and government statistical credibility, and to show the core values of statistics and the mental outlook of statisticians.

　

　　(Written by: Ba Yunhong Juan Wang Li Lu Zhao Wei)

China’s Internet Literature： From ＂Cool Literature＂ to ＂One of the Four Cultural Wonders in the World＂

Text/Yangcheng Evening News reporter Sun Lei

site of activity

"I eat tomatoes"

"Squid who loves diving"

On October 12th, China Online Literature Influence List (2022) was released and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Online Literature High-quality Development Seminar was held in Guangzhou. Online literature writers, critics, platform leaders and industry representatives from all over the country gathered together to discuss the present situation and future of online literature.

The event was hosted by the Chinese Writers Association, the Propaganda Department of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and co-organized by the Network Literature Center of the Chinese Writers Association, the Guangdong Writers Association and Huacheng College of Literature.

I eat tomatoes, love diving squid, drinkers, bandits, I think about saving and other well-known online writers appeared at the venue, as well as online literary critics, platform leaders, cultural industry representatives from all over the country to participate in the activities.

After 20 or 30 years’ development, the online literature born on the Internet platform has gradually bid farewell to the early state of "barbaric growth and mud and sand", constantly breaking through the typed writing of cool articles and gradually moving towards the mainstream, high-quality and even classic development path. The content ecology of online literature has been further optimized, the trend of high-quality products has become stronger, and the trend of "going out to sea" of online literature has gradually become a scale.

The Realistic Trend of Web Theme: Hi? Worry?

On the evening of October 12th, the China Online Literature Influence List (2022) was officially released. After strict initial evaluation, re-evaluation, final evaluation and online voting by readers, the Network Literature Center of China Writers Association launched four lists: online novel list, IP influence list, overseas communication list and newcomer list, with 29 online literary works and 8 newcomer writers on the list.

The reporter found that in this list of works, the theme structure of online literature is more optimized, and the realistic theme has become the "new favorite" of online texts, and excellent works are frequent. Among the works on the list of online novels, works such as Critical Path and Biography of Shanghai Mortal closely follow the pulse of the times and write about real life.

On April 10th this year, the "Research Report on the Development of Network Literature in China in 2022" issued by the Institute of Literature of China Academy of Social Sciences also pointed out this trend: realistic works entered the "golden age" with a high compound growth rate of 37.2%.

According to Huang Fayou, chairman of Shandong Writers Association and professor of Shandong University College of Literature, the prosperity of online literature’s realistic theme creation is, in a sense, an important manifestation of online literature’s mainstream and high-quality practice. "In recent years, the creation of realistic themes of online literature has made remarkable progress and development, which has injected new vitality into online literature and pushed online literature to break through the bottleneck of development, with a broader vision and a more diverse pattern."

The same theme of reform and opening up, online literature works are not only more vivid, but also more interesting, and there is no lack of depth and temperature. The application of network literature techniques and visual narrative means also brings new aesthetics to the creation of realistic themes. Huang Fayou said that, like "Daguo Heavy Industry", it has a deep understanding of the machinery industry, and is full of respect for the exploration spirit of technicians and the fighting spirit of workers who are not afraid of difficulties. The works have a kind of affectionate power.

Wu Lanqi Muge, an associate professor at the School of Humanities, Wenzhou University, emphasized that the greatest feature of online literature is its freedom, popularity and tradition of telling stories, which allows us to have leisure, entertainment and games, which is a very important reason for its existence. "If all online literature develops to realistic literature or high-quality literature, it will certainly fail to learn from the strengths of traditional literature. Network literature has some reasons for its existence. Among some fantasy, fantasy and story-telling theme types, we can see some innovations in ideological artistry and literature and art that are no less than traditional literature and fine literature. In fact, it already has the advantages and disadvantages of traditional literature. "

In addition to realistic themes, sci-fi works, as one of the most important online categories, are still growing at a high speed. In 2022, "science" appeared nearly 250,000 times in the book review area. In this list of works, "We Live in Nanjing" and "Nomenclature of the Night" have developed gorgeous imagination, written fantastic fables in the vast universe, and explored the boundaries of sci-fi theme creation.

With the development of science and technology and the popularity of sci-fi film and television dramas, the post-90s and post-00s are rapidly pouring into the production and dissemination of sci-fi online literature in the activity field of the Internet, which is naturally labeled as "younger". The "Z generation" writers have gradually become the main creative force, and the newcomers of online writers combine the latest cutting-edge technology to create, bringing a new look and atmosphere to the development of the industry.

"Going out", China traditional culture is sought after.

According to the data released by the Network Literature Center of the Chinese Writers Association, by the end of 2022, the overseas market scale of China’s online literature exceeded 3 billion yuan, with more than 16,000 online works exported overseas, and overseas users exceeded 150 million, covering more than 200 countries and regions in the world.

From 2004, qidian began to sell the copyright of online novels to the whole world, to 2006, the translated works of Ghost Blowing Lights and Zhu Xian opened the Southeast Asian market, and then overseas originality and AI translation were launched, and IP adaptation was popular overseas. China’s online literature has spread all over the world, and some people even listed China’s online literature as "the four cultural wonders of the world" along with Hollywood blockbusters, Japanese anime and Korean TV dramas.

On the overseas communication list published this time, "The Return of the Warrior" triggered readers in more than 170 countries and regions around the world to "catch up" with a compact plot and suspense story lines, with more than 500 million hits; Cosmic Pro combines various elements such as reiki revival, live martial arts broadcast and life evolution, and shows the powerful imagination and narrative power of China’s online literature overseas …

It is worth mentioning that, in the tide of "net writing goes to sea", the works that inherit Chinese excellent traditional culture have made outstanding achievements, attracting many overseas readers, and the international communication effect is outstanding.

According to Tian Zhiguo, deputy editor-in-chief of Reading Group, through investigation, they found that overseas readers like China traditional culture and modern China style. In 2022, China-related words appeared 150,000 times in readers’ comments. In readers’ related discussions, the most mentioned China elements include food, martial arts, tea art and panda.

Tian Zhiguo said that with the continuous going out to sea of online articles, the literary style relying on the Internet has become an important entertainment content in Southeast Asia and North America, which is loved by local young people. "We have opened up localized originality in the local area. The main types of works are 15 categories and more than 100 subcategories, mainly focusing on five major themes: city, game competition, science fiction, oriental fantasy and western fantasy. Many of the oriental fantasy themes are influenced by China’s traditional culture and have a strong Chinese style in theme setting and character setting. "

In recent years, many platforms have made efforts in the direction of audio and short video to promote the spread of China’s online literature overseas. According to Xie Guangcai, director and executive vice president of Chinese Online Group, as far as overseas communication is concerned, the current "ReelShort" short play can be described as a shining star in the European and American markets, and its user scale has developed very rapidly, making it a sample for short plays to go to sea. "The short drama of network development is a good outlet in the current two or three years, but its quality is the top priority of commercial operation."

Tong Ye, CEO of Twitter Technology, said that going out to sea is not just a text going out, but more importantly, letting Chinese culture go out. Xie Sipeng, editor-in-chief of tomato novels, also stressed that both the content and the mode of going out to sea are all China’s online articles going out to sea, and they all bear the mission and heavy responsibility of spreading China culture.

The degree of mainstreaming has increased, and excellent originality is still less.

While the iron is hot, you need to be hard. Whether the theme turns or the online text goes out to sea, high-quality online literature works are needed. This is also the core value of this list release and seminar: focusing on the mainstream and quality creation of online literature.

China’s online literature has been in a state of natural growth for quite a long time since it came into being spontaneously. Internet literature, which was born on the Internet platform, pays too much attention to market efficiency and pursues "fast", "long" and "cool" blindly, resulting in the problems of rough quality, vulgar content and deviation from mainstream values, which can be described as "barbaric growth and mud and sand".

In recent years, with the continuous promotion of the trend of quality content, the mainstream degree of online literature at home and abroad has been significantly improved in 2022: in China, 144 online works have been permanently collected by the National Library, and 10 digital versions of online works have been collected in the China National Edition Museum; Overseas, 16 China websites have been collected by the British Library, and they have spread to more than 200 countries and regions around the world, with 901 million users visiting overseas websites.

"It is necessary to promote the mainstream and quality of online literature innovation." Hu Bangsheng, member of the party group and secretary of the Secretariat of the Chinese Writers Association, observed that there are a large number of online literary works and rich types, but there are still few excellent original contents. He believes that holding an online literary and cultural heritage forum and publishing a list of online novels is to inherit the Chinese context, explore the development path, guide online writers to adhere to the correct creative orientation, and launch more online literary masterpieces.

"Mainstreaming, quality and classicalization are a plan for the whole online literature industry, which requires that online literature must serve this era. This requirement also invisibly constrains the creation of each of our online writers, regardless of personal will." According to Ouyang Youquan, a professor at Central South University, the current development of online literature is facing many changes. With the rise of audio and video industrialization, as the source of content, online literature must produce high-quality texts so that our creation can stand, spread and stay.

Guangdong is one of the cradles of online literature in China, and it is also the province with the largest number of online writers, and many "great god" writers who are famous all over the network have been born. According to Zhang Peizhong, Party Secretary and Full-time Vice Chairman of Guangdong Writers Association, by the end of 2022, there were more than 200,000 online literature writers in Guangdong, including nearly 40,000 people who signed contracts with websites and wrote, and 150 head writers. The number of authors, works and readers ranked among the top in China, with strong development momentum and broad prospects. "We should further strengthen the creation of high-quality products, speed up the IP transformation, increase the online literature’s going to sea, and truly realize the two-way development and two-way empowerment of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s online literature and cultural industries", and make Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area an important pole in the development of China’s online literature.

[interview]

"I eat tomatoes":

Focus on creation, not following the market trend.

Network writer "I eat tomatoes", whose real name is Zhu Hongzhi, is called "tomato". In 2005, he began to serialize The Legend of the Star Peak in qidian, and since then, he has started the journey of online literature creation, and has successively published works such as The Star Change, Panlong, Swallowing the Starry Sky, The Age of the Wild, and The Professional Player of the Universe, breaking many online records.

Among them, Panlong, Swallowing the Starry Sky, Cosmic Professional Player and many other works are also representative works of online writing, which have been translated into English, Korean, Thai, Indonesian and other languages.

Yangcheng Evening News: For you personally, what is the biggest change in online literature over the years?

I eat tomatoes: the external environment has been changing, and we need to adhere to the initial intention of creation while adapting to the environment. Online novels developed vigorously in 2002, and it has been about 20 years now. Its future still has great potential and possibility. All we have to do is write a good story, and your story may spread explosively at the right time. You can’t follow the trend just because of what the market is, like the short video of the fire now, not that you have to do it. Writers still have to concentrate on creation, write a good work, and then wait for the opportunity.

Yangcheng Evening News: Now discussing online literature, many critics have put forward the expectation of "mainstreaming" and "quality". As an online writer, do you want your works to enter the mainstream vision?

I eat tomatoes: the ancients said, "If you take it, you will get it." You can set a high goal and then work hard in this direction. As for the result, I think it will be left to future generations to evaluate.

Yangcheng Evening News: Apart from online literature, have you tried to create more profound and serious literature?

I eat tomatoes: the boundaries of serious literature are actually rather vague. The essence of literature is to convey ideas. If the ideas you convey can still have a good influence on people after a hundred years, then I think your works are excellent literary works, and you are creating with a very serious attitude, which is exactly what I have been pursuing.

Yangcheng Evening News: Where does your creative source come from? What is the creative motivation?

I eat tomatoes: the source of my creation is the bits and pieces in my life, like sometimes looking at the blue sky and white clouds outside, I will conceive a very illusory world in my mind, or watching a news, which will also trigger some associations. These are the sources of creative materials.

If you are motivated to create, I feel that people still have to pursue something, and they can’t live in a daze all the time. I started writing in 2005, and it’s been 18 years now, which is equivalent to doing it all the time during the most creative period. Since this is the most important career in your life, I still hope to create some excellent works. If there are still works that are widely welcomed by readers many years later, it is still a very fulfilling thing for me.

Yangcheng Evening News: In your opinion, how does online literature creation relate to the times?

I eat tomatoes: as a member of society, the author will of course be influenced by various social news when he creates. However, for me personally, there is a certain time difference. Because when I write a novel, it is often long, up to several million words, so before I start writing, I will first determine the outline of the novel, and once it is decided, it will not be easily changed. Just like Jin Yong’s novels, there are many foreshadowing in the early stage, and these foreshadowing have already decided the direction of the later article. So the touch of news events may generally be integrated into the creation of my next work.

Yangcheng Evening News: Do you analyze readers’ preferences when creating?

I eat tomatoes: I may listen to readers’ opinions in the process of preparation, but once I start writing, I will stick to telling the story in my heart. I have written many creative themes, such as Xian Xia, science fiction, magic, city and so on. I like to challenge some unwritten themes, and different attempts are more fresh.

Yangcheng Evening News: What do you think or suggest about China’s online literature going out to sea?

I eat tomatoes: the first step of online literature is translation, so the translator is very important. A good translator should first like the work itself, and then be able to translate it into other languages smoothly. Besides the translator, the original work itself is fundamental. Another is the platform, which needs a suitable platform to spread excellent online literary works and reach overseas readers.

"Squid who loves diving":

Net articles with deep expression will have more audiences.

The online writer "Squid Who Loves Diving", whose real name is vilen, is a signing writer at the starting point and a platinum writer of Reading Group. He has written many online novels, such as "The Record of Death" (formerly known as "The Way to Immortality"), "The Divine Immortal", "The Master of Mysticity" and so on. Among them, the number of hits on the Internet of "The Divine Works of Olympiad Mathematics" exceeded 12 million, ranking first in the list of online novels in China in 2015 by Chinese Writers Association, and winning the first Biennial Award for Excellence in Chinese Online Literature.

He has also won the second "Mao Dun Literature Newcomer Award of Chinese Literature Foundation" and the third "Orange Melon Network Literature Award" and other honors. In 2016, he was elected as the vice chairman of the 8th Sichuan Writers Association. In 2019, he was elected as the chairman of Sichuan Network Writers Association.

Yangcheng Evening News: What do you think of the proposition of "classicalization" of online literature?

Squid who loves diving: I think there may be a long way to go to talk about the "classicalization" of online literature. What we should do first is to make it fine. As a creator, classicalization is definitely an unavoidable desire. But at this stage, as far as I am concerned, I can only say that I am constantly exploring in my own creative field and writing more timeless works, which can be passed down as much as possible.

Yangcheng Evening News: Will deep thoughts conflict with the pursuit of story in online literature?

Squid who loves diving: Not really, because online literature is aimed at hundreds of millions of readers. Some readers prefer relaxed and cool articles, while others want to see some works that can touch people’s hearts and arouse resonance. Network literature can’t please everyone, and it can only attract favorite readers as much as possible in its own field. On this basis, online literature with deep expression will have more audiences in the future.

Yangcheng Evening News: In your opinion, how has online literature changed in the past 20 or 20 years?

Squid who loves diving: the progress of technology has brought many changes to online literature. The earliest online literature was only serialized on the internet, and it was still a literary expression in essence. Later, with the development of technology, the era of mobile internet was ushered in, and many readers used their mobile phones to read books. At this time, as the author of online literature, in order to optimize the mobile phone reading experience, he will try to split long sentences into short sentences and remove large inner monologues. Now, with the assistance of AI, it can help to name the supporting role of the work, and even provide some story outlines, giving some ideas and inspiration. Of course, technology is always only an aid, which cannot replace the uniqueness of human creation, nor can it simulate the inner mental journey of each individual.

Yangcheng Evening News: What changes have you brought by engaging in online literature creation?

Squid who loves diving: I am very grateful to the industry of online literature, which makes me jump out of the established box.

Figure/Cai Yisheng

Central Meteorological Observatory： Cold air is ready to go, affecting most parts of China from the 15th.

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory on November 13, yesterday, cold air went deep into the southern region, and the temperature in many places "dropped". At 14 o’clock yesterday, there was a temperature drop of 6~10℃ in eastern Sichuan, western Chongqing, south-central Guizhou, Guangxi and other places, with the most severe temperature drop in Guizhou and Guangxi, and the drop in Luodian, Guizhou and Donglan, Guangxi exceeded 14℃.

　　At present, the influence of cold air is coming to an end. From 13th to 15th, the temperature in most parts of central and eastern China will rise. From 15th to 17th, another cold air will affect most parts of China from west to east. The temperature will drop by 4 ~ 6℃ successively, and the local temperature drop will reach 8 ~ 10℃. There are small to medium snow or sleet in parts of central and northern Shaanxi, northwestern Shanxi, central and eastern Inner Mongolia, and northeast China, and heavy snow in eastern Heilongjiang. Please pay attention to the latest forecast information of cold air and adjust the dress in time.

　　In terms of rain and snow, it is expected that there will be small to medium snow or sleet in parts of northern and eastern Xinjiang, Gansu, northern Qinghai, Ningxia and other places today and tomorrow. Among them, there is heavy snow in Altay area of Xinjiang, Tacheng area and areas along Tianshan Mountain and Qilian Mountain area of Gansu. There are rainy weather in parts of Southwest China, Jiangnan and South China, mainly light rain, and moderate to heavy rain in central and southern Yunnan, western Guangxi and Hainan Island.

　　In addition, from 13th to 14th, the winds in China’s offshore waters are still relatively strong, and the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue gale warning this morning: it is predicted that there will be strong winds of magnitude 7-8 and gusts of magnitude 9 in most of the East China Sea, Taiwan Province Strait, east of Taiwan Province, bashi channel, northern and central South China Sea, and Beibu Gulf from day to night, among which the winds in parts of the Taiwan Province Strait can reach magnitude 9 and gusts of magnitude 10. Ships sailing and operating in the above-mentioned sea areas should pay attention to safety.

Announcement of the State Council Customs Tariff Commission on Reducing Import Tariff of Consumer Goods for Daily Use

Announcement of the State Council Customs Tariff Commission on Reducing Import Tariff of Consumer Goods for Daily Use
Announcement No.4 [2018] of the Tax Commission

In order to further meet the people’s needs for a better life, promote structural reform on the supply side, and actively expand opening up, starting from July 1, 2018, the MFN tax rate for some imported consumer goods will be reduced, involving 1449 tax items. Due to the adjustment of MFN tariff rate, since July 1, 2018, the provisional MFN tariff rate of 210 imported goods has been cancelled, and the provisional MFN tariff rate of other goods will continue to be implemented. See the annex for specific tax items and tax rate adjustment.

It is hereby announced.

Attachment:

1. MFN tariff adjustment table for imported consumer goods

2. Temporary MFN tariff rate adjustment table for imported goods

The State Council Customs Tariff Commission
May 31, 2018

A few cents per episode supports 20 billion markets! The short drama of the explosion is also crazy overseas. What business models and participants are there？

At present, the short play market is hot. We estimate that the paid income of short plays will exceed 20 billion yuan in 2023. Short plays going to sea is also the main direction in the future. It is expected that overseas film and television companies and streaming media platforms may also join the short play blue ocean market.

The competitive advantage of domestic manufacturers is that they have rich experience in short drama production and streaming, and the speed of setting up overseas short drama shooting teams and responding to hot content is more agile, which is expected to seize users’ minds and market share in the early stage of industry start-up. The emerging mini-drama complements and perfects the existing video ecology in two dimensions: content form and distribution link, and there is a huge blue ocean market to be explored at home and abroad.

Source: New Fortune Magazine (ID: xcf Plus)

Author: Kuang Shi (chief analyst of GF Securities Media Internet) Xu Chengjuan (senior analyst of GF Securities Media Internet)

01

Estimation of the market size of short plays

According to the data of flying melon, the huge engine predicts that the short play market will consume 20 billion yuan in 2023. According to the hot cloud data, the average return on investment (ROI) of the short play industry is about 1.1, so we expect that the paid income of short plays will exceed 20 billion yuan in 2023.

The scale of sub-account income of short plays is expected to be less than 1 billion yuan. According to De Tawen, in the first half of 2023, there were 481 mini-dramas launched on domestic long and short video platforms, with 100 mini-dramas launched on Tencent Video, Youku, Mango TV, iQiyi, Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker, 72, 28, 7, 212 and 68 respectively. According to Yunhe’s data, in the first half of 2023, among the micro-short dramas launched online, the sub-accounts of "Provoking" and "Locking Love" exceeded 10 million yuan, and the sub-accounts of 30 short dramas exceeded 1 million yuan. Assuming that the average sub-accounts of the remaining 451 short dramas were 500,000 yuan each, the sub-accounts revenue of micro-short dramas in the first half of 2023 totaled about 360 million yuan. We expect that in 2023,

The market scale of small program short plays has grown rapidly, surpassing the fast-shaking short plays and long-video short plays that have been developed for many years. The main reason is that the "Tik Tok+Jump Payment" mode of small program short plays has a stronger spread in the information flow algorithm and a better user experience than the mode of fast-shaking short plays with promotion and payment at the end. In the diversion dimension, the completion rate of paid video is naturally low, and based on the algorithm, its propagation radius in the short video platform is small.

In the second half of 2022, Tik Tok opened a link of "massive star map purchase → Tik Tok platform diversion → jumping to WeChat applet → paying to watch short plays". Through a large number of film and television experts on Tik Tok platform, the eye-catching plot of short plays of small programs was edited into short video material and put in Tik Tok station. The broadcast effect of the material was good, the reach radius was wide, and the delivery link settled by CPS was accurate. In the dimension of user experience, if you insert video content that needs to be paid to watch completely in the information stream, or directly mount paid short plays, it will hurt the feelings of short video users who are used to free use to some extent, while short plays with small programs need to jump to small programs before entering the payment link, which separates free users on the short video platform from potential users with strong willingness to pay, effectively reducing the bad review rate of talent accounts and streaming materials.

The key miniseries in Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker and long video platforms must pass the content review of the radio and television administrative departments and obtain the Network Drama Distribution License. At present, the small program miniseries are mainly self-reviewed by WeChat and Tik Tok platforms, with a short review period and relatively loose scale.

02

Discussion on the future business model of short play: free VS payment

At present, the main profit model of small program short plays is pay-per-view, and the industry dilemma lies in the low profit level. According to the report of Whale Platform, the single episode of small program short play lasts about 1-2 minutes, the price of single episode ranges from a few cents to 3 yuan per episode, and the delivery cost accounts for about 80%-90% of the total paid income. The production cost of a single short play ranges from 100,000 yuan to millions of yuan, and then the technical service fee of the platform is deducted (for example, WeChat small program charges 10% technical service fee and gives back 6% incentive advertising fee).

The overall profit rate of small program short plays is low, the core reason is that the content of short plays is extremely homogeneous at present, and the product competition is concentrated in the delivery end, which leads to the average ROI of investment rolling up to about 1.1. According to our statistics, from January 1st to November 5th, 2023, the short dramas on the list in Tik Tok’s short program drama explosion weekly list accounted for 34% of the theme of "God of War". The solution to the low profit rate of small programs and short plays is to create differentiated competition through short play content and attract users to pay by virtue of outstanding content quality; The second is to accumulate loyal users through the supply of large-scale short plays and private domains such as APP, community and small programs, so as to improve the stickiness and repurchase rate of platform users and reduce the demand for purchases.

Figure 1: The value industrial chain structure of small programs and short plays

Source: WeChat Advertising Assistant, Reyun Data, Guangfa Securities Development Research Center.

From the perspective of market demand, compared with the content form and distribution link of long videos, short plays have the advantages of short episodes and fast plot rhythm, which are more suitable for the fragmented and exciting entertainment needs of contemporary netizens; and the production threshold is lower, the content supply is more huge, and Tik Tok and other streaming channels are superimposed, so that accurate distribution can be realized according to user tags. Therefore, we judge that after the quantity and quality of content supply in short drama industry are upgraded, there is still much room for further growth in market scale. On the one hand, we can gain new users in the sinking market and increase the viewing frequency, on the other hand, we can gain the fast-paced demand of some users on the long video platform.

From the perspective of business model, the scale effect of three business models, namely, payment on demand, membership subscription and free viewing of advertisements, is increasing. It is expected that the short play industry is similar to the online reading industry, and the free mode will eventually win most of the market share. At the same time, the scale effect of the free model is very strong, and we expect the platform to be highly centralized. Paid short plays will still occupy a certain market share with differentiated high-quality content. The core competitiveness is the content quality of short plays, and the market structure is expected to be relatively dispersed.

There is still some potential market space for short plays. According to the "Data Value Report of Aauto Quicker Short Plays in 2022" compiled by the magnetic engine, in 2021, the number of users who have seen Aauto Quicker short plays in China has exceeded 1 billion; According to people’s entertainment reports, as of July 2022, the daily users of short plays in Aauto Quicker reached 260 million. According to the report of the Capital Radio and Television Program Producers Association, the number of paid daily users (DAU) of mini-mini-dramas has exceeded 10 million. Assuming that the monthly paid users of short plays are divided into 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 120 and 150 million, and the average user income (ARPU) is 50 yuan/month/person, the annual paid income of the corresponding short plays is 180, 360, 540, 72 and 90 billion yuan. Assuming that the daily users of free short plays are 1.0, 1.3, 1.7, 250 and 330 million, and the average advertising revenue generated by a single DAU is 0.7 yuan/day/person, the annual advertising revenue of the corresponding short plays is 256, 319, 426, 639 and 852 million yuan. According to LatePost, the revenue of tomato novels exceeds 10 billion yuan. According to QuestMobile, the average DAU of tomato novels in 2022 is 61.82 million, and the average advertising revenue achieved by a single DAU is about 0.44 yuan/day/person. Considering the short play content, the advertising forms that can be inserted are more diverse than the text content, and the advertising value is higher. However, it is expected that the free mode will seize most of the short drama users’ time, leading to a decline in the overall payment rate of the short drama industry.

03

There are many short plays, and the online platform presents a first-Mover advantage.

This year’s explosive small program short play market and low production threshold attracted a large number of players. At present, there are mainly the following participants in the short drama industry.

The first is the web platform. This kind of participants have two competitive advantages. One is that the IP of the reserved web text can be adapted into short plays, which are highly coincident in terms of user portraits, cool content and so on. The other is that the mature web text investment or distribution link can be reused with small programs and short plays. Due to the resource endowment of the online platform at both ends of copyright and distribution, it is the main player in the short play market of small programs at this stage. According to the huge amount of engine data cited by Whale Platform, from the fourth quarter of 2022 to the third quarter of 2023, the number of short drama copyright owners increased from 41 to 150, of which online literature accounted for 48%. At present, Dianzhong and Kyushu, which are in the first echelon of the small program short play industry, both started as online platforms, accounting for 18% and 15% of the explosion of small program short plays in Tik Tok this year respectively.

The second is the marketing company. The competitive advantages of such participants are: first, they have mature experience in content marketing and streaming; second, they can integrate talents, brand advertisers, e-commerce and other resources in the system, extend the realization chain of short plays, and obtain incremental benefits through online celebrity incubation, advertising placement, live broadcast and delivery.

The third is the film and television company. The competitive advantages of such participants are rich film and television resources and professional drama production ability. With the improvement of industry supervision and the upgrading of users’ aesthetics, the production threshold of small programs and short plays will be improved as a whole, and the quality of content will become a more critical core competitiveness. We judge that film and television companies will become the main players in the short play market in the next stage.

The fourth is the state-owned enterprise of radio and television department. The competitive advantage of this kind of participants is that they have the License of Audio-visual Program for Information Network Communication and related film and television resources.

In addition, many game companies, social platforms, e-commerce companies, comic platforms, etc. are entering the short drama track by virtue of their competitiveness in content production and investment.

Figure 2: Number of times in Tik Tok’s short program and short drama explosion weekly list from January 1, 2023 to November 5, 2023 (times)

Source: Tik Tok, Guangfa Securities Development Research Center.

04

Radio and television, small programs and short plays move towards standardized review

In view of the censorship policy of short plays, short and long video platforms have been brought into the standardized management of radio and television administrative departments, and it is necessary to review the contents of the radio and television administrative departments and obtain the Network Drama Distribution License, or complete the filing of online audio-visual programs in accordance with the relevant regulations on the management of network dramas. At present, platforms such as Tik Tok and WeChat are responsible for the censorship of short plays. On the whole, the content review scale of small program platform is relatively looser than that of radio and television management department, and some small program short plays contain industry chaos such as bad value orientation and vulgar edging. On the one hand, the radio and television management department encourages the industry to develop continuously, on the other hand, it accelerates the improvement of management mechanism and tightens the efforts to control illegal content.

On November 15th, 2023, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television once again launched a one-month special rectification work, focusing on the orientation, title, content, aesthetics, personnel, publicity, broadcasting and other aspects of online mini-dramas, increasing the disposal of illegal online mini-dramas, and improving the review mechanism of advertising promotion. Subsequently, Tik Tok, WeChat, Aauto Quicker and other platforms have issued disposal announcements. Tik Tok recently removed 119 micro-short plays that violated regulations in small programs and disposed of 1188 Tik Tok accounts that illegally promoted micro-short plays; Aauto Quicker removed more than 10 illegal mini-dramas, and punished 13 accounts that posted illegal content according to the degree of violation. In the future, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television plans to formulate "Detailed Rules for the Creation, Production and Content Audit of Internet Miniature Plays" to promote the inclusion of Internet Miniature Plays APP and applets in daily institutional management.

We judge that the content review requirements of small program short plays in terms of film title, theme, plot, aesthetics, personnel, etc. will gradually be in line with the network short plays of long and short video platforms, especially for key short plays with certain influence or popularity. Previously, the industry chaos that some small programs and short plays attract users through vulgar and eye-catching plots will eventually be completely managed, and the content competition will turn to the production and development capabilities of dramas under the compliance framework. Finally, the network micro-short drama APP and small programs will be included in the daily institutional management under the radio and television system.

05

Short Play Going to Sea: Blue Ocean Market, which is expected to create a leading vertical APP.

Short drama APP is a new "top stream" for China’s application to the sea. According to data.ai Intelligence data, short drama manufacturers began to try to enter the overseas market in 2022. As the head product ReelShort accelerated the launch of local original short dramas and increased the scale of launch, the overseas downloads of short drama apps began to explode in June 2023. From July to October, the overseas monthly downloads of short drama apps remained above 2 million.

As a kind of short video content, short plays have both short and compact narrative rhythm and continuous plot development. When short plays go to sea, users have lower understanding threshold, stronger audio-visual experience, and it is easier to build a production system that specializes in producing content (PGC) overseas. Therefore, we expect that short plays will go to sea more easily than long video platforms and web platforms.

Figure 3: Overseas monthly downloads of popular short drama apps go by.

Data source: data.ai Intelligence, Guangfa Securities Development Research Center.

Similar to the current situation of the domestic short drama industry, the current short drama participants are mainly online text manufacturers, game companies, marketing companies and video platforms with overseas experience. Among them, online text manufacturers have also seized the leading position in the overseas short drama market by virtue of their rich IP reserves, domestic short drama production experience, overseas investment ability and user accumulation. It is expected that overseas film and television companies and streaming media platforms may also join the short drama blue ocean market in the future. The competitive advantage of domestic manufacturers lies in their rich experience in short drama production and streaming, and their ability to form overseas short drama shooting teams and respond to hot content is more agile, which is expected to seize users’ minds and market share at the initial stage of industry start-up.

From the perspective of ReelShort’s starting path, the core driving force is the content of explosive short plays and the scale of delivery. According to the little data, the download volume and income of ReelShort increased significantly in July, the end of August and the end of October this year, corresponding to ReelShort’s launch of explosive short plays "Fated to My Forbidden Alpha" and "The Double Life of My Billionaire Hubband" in June. On August 28th, the short drama "Goodbye, My CEO" was launched, and on October 21st, the short drama "I Got Married Without You" was launched. At the same time, according to APPgrowing, ReelShort’s launch scale has increased synchronously around the above time point. ReelShort’s distribution channel is mainly Meta-system. According to APPgrowing, the delivery channels of ReelShort this year accounted for 25%, 25%, 24% and 24% respectively.

06

Investment direction: There is a huge blue ocean market to be explored at home and abroad.

The emerging short play of small programs complements and perfects the existing video ecology in two dimensions: content form and distribution link, and there is a huge blue ocean market to be explored at home and abroad. In China, the paid income of small programs and short plays is expected to exceed 20 billion yuan this year, and it still maintains a relatively fast growth rate, but the overall profit rate is low due to the relatively low content quality and fierce competition at the delivery end. The State Administration of Radio, Film and Television has begun to tighten the content review. It is expected that the overall quality, matching user range and profit level of short plays will be significantly improved after the clearing of the industry and the entry of professional production institutions. It is judged that the business model of short plays in the future will be paid and free. The core competitiveness of the free short play platform is the user scale and will occupy the main market share, and the core competitiveness of paid short plays is the differentiated high-quality content. Overseas, a large number of short drama apps have been launched and their rankings have risen rapidly. At present, the estimated revenue of ReelShort, the leading product, has exceeded US$ 20.51 million so far this year, and the overseas short drama market is still in the stage of large-scale content capacity building and user cultivation.

At present, the head short video platform’s support for short drama content at home and abroad and its extension to the production of short drama content deserve special attention. Pay attention to reading companies with rich IP and high synergy with short drama format; In addition, based on rich experience in content production, some film and television or game companies will release their production capacity and competitive advantage in the next stage, and they can pay attention to the stimulation of the emergence of explosive works on industrial development. At the same time, the content output cycle of short drama industry is short, and the iteration is fast. Marketing announcement is an important help for product breakthrough. With more short drama platforms and content going out to sea in 2024, it is expected that the marketing budget will also increase at a high speed. Paying attention to marketing companies with content marketing and going out to sea will extend the realization chain of short drama content.

However, at present, the short drama industry still needs to pay attention to four major risks. First, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television has tightened its censorship policy on small programs and short plays; Second, the intensified competition in the industry has further reduced the profit rate; Third, the uncertainty of the income of short drama projects; Fourth, the progress and performance of short drama business of listed companies are less than expected.

Any information and information mentioned in this article is only the expression of the author’s personal views or the statement of specific events, and does not constitute recommendation and investment advice, and does not represent the position of the society. Investors should bear the risks and consequences of investing accordingly.

Online celebrity blogger was subjected to domestic violence： Chen Mou was detained for 20 days for intentional injury.

　　On November 25th, after Weibo’s "YUYAMIKA" (He Moumou, female, 28 years old) reported on the Internet that she had been subjected to domestic violence by her ex-boyfriend Weibo’s "Tuotuo Feng Mo Jiao" (Chen Mou, male, 44 years old), the relevant departments immediately investigated and dealt with it.

　　After investigation by the public security organs in Jiangbei District, Chen Mou repeatedly committed illegal acts of intentional injury to He Moumou from the beginning of April 2019 to the end of August 2019 (He Moumou’s injury degree was less than minor injury or above). In addition, it was found that Chen Mou also committed illegal acts that threatened the personal safety of others through WeChat. In view of the above-mentioned two illegal acts in Chen Mou, the public security organs respectively imposed administrative penalties according to the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment, combined with administrative detention for 20 days, and imposed a fine.

　　In order to prevent Chen Mou from intentionally injuring him again, He Moumou applied to Jiangbei District People’s Court for a personal safety protection order on November 27th. At present, the hospital has made a personal safety protection order for He Moumou according to the facts identified after examination. (CCTV reporter Yan Liang)